hardfault fixed

.gitignore

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+*.pdf
+dma_example/

datasheet.txt

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+https://www.st.com/content/ccc/resource/technical/document/reference_manual/group0/f3/60/ca/d2/98/c8/47/88/DM00477635/files/DM00477635.pdf/jcr:content/translations/en.DM00477635.pdf

dma_gpio/.cargo/config.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+[build]
+target = "thumbv8m.main-none-eabihf"
+
+[target.thumbv8m.main-none-eabihf]
+runner = "probe-rs run --chip STM32U575ZITxQ"
+
+rustflags = [
+  "-C", "linker=rust-lld",
+  "-C", "link-arg=-Tlink.x",
+  "-C", "link-arg=-Tdefmt.x",
+  "-C", "link-arg=--nmagic",
+]
+
+[package.metadata.cargo-flash]
+chip = "STM32U575ZIT"

dma_gpio/.gitignore

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+/target

dma_gpio/Cargo.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+[package]
+authors = ["Priec <filippriec@gmail.com>"]
+name = "dma_gpio"
+edition = "2024"
+version = "0.1.0"
+
+
+[dependencies]
+cortex-m = { version = "0.7.7", features = ["inline-asm", "critical-section-single-core"] }
+cortex-m-rt = "0.7.5"
+panic-halt = "1.0.0"
+
+embassy-executor = { git = "https://github.com/embassy-rs/embassy.git", branch = "main", features = ["arch-cortex-m", "executor-thread"] }
+embassy-futures = { git = "https://github.com/embassy-rs/embassy.git", branch = "main" }
+embassy-sync    = { git = "https://github.com/embassy-rs/embassy.git", branch = "main" }
+embassy-time    = { git = "https://github.com/embassy-rs/embassy.git", branch = "main", features = ["tick-hz-32_768"] }
+embassy-hal-internal = { git = "https://github.com/embassy-rs/embassy.git", branch = "main" }
+embassy-usb = { git = "https://github.com/embassy-rs/embassy.git", branch = "main" }
+embassy-stm32 = { git = "https://github.com/embassy-rs/embassy.git", branch = "main", features = ["unstable-pac", "stm32u575zi", "time-driver-tim2", "memory-x", "defmt"] }
+
+embedded-hal = "1.0.0"
+embedded-graphics = "0.8.1"
+heapless = { version = "0.9.1", default-features = false }
+micromath = "2.1.0"
+tinybmp = "0.6.0"
+panic-probe = { version = "1.0.0", features = ["defmt"] }
+defmt-rtt = "1.1.0"
+defmt = "1.0.1"
+static_cell = "2.1.1"

dma_gpio/Makefile

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+TARGET = thumbv8m.main-none-eabihf
+CHIP = STM32U575ZI
+BIN = stm32u5-blinky
+MODE ?= release
+TARGET_DIR = target/$(TARGET)/$(MODE)
+ELF = $(TARGET_DIR)/$(BIN)
+PROBE = probe-rs
+
+.PHONY: all build flash clean empty
+
+all: build
+
+build:
+	cargo build --$(MODE)
+
+flash: build
+	$(PROBE) run --chip $(CHIP) $(ELF)
+
+empty:
+	$(PROBE) erase --chip $(CHIP)
+
+clean:
+	cargo clean

dma_gpio/src/bin/main.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+// src/bin/main.rs
+#![no_std]
+#![no_main]
+
+use defmt::*;
+use embassy_executor::Spawner;
+use embassy_stm32::gpio::{Input, Output, Level, Pull, Speed};
+use embassy_sync::{blocking_mutex::raw::CriticalSectionRawMutex, pipe::Pipe};
+use embassy_time::{Duration, Timer};
+use embassy_stm32::dma::{TransferOptions, WritableRingBuffer};
+use dma_gpio::software_uart::{
+    dma_timer::{init_tim6_for_uart, init_tim7_for_uart},
+    gpio_dma_uart_tx::{write_uart_frames_to_ring, TIM6_UP_REQ},
+    gpio_dma_uart_rx::rx_dma_task,
+    debug::dump_tim6_regs,
+};
+use dma_gpio::config::{BAUD, TX_PIN_BIT, RX_OVERSAMPLE, TX_OVERSAMPLE};
+use dma_gpio::config::{TX_RING_BYTES, RX_RING_BYTES, PIPE_RX_SIZE};
+use static_cell::StaticCell;
+use {defmt_rtt as _, panic_probe as _};
+
+static PIPE_RX: Pipe<CriticalSectionRawMutex, PIPE_RX_SIZE> = Pipe::new();
+static RX_RING: StaticCell<[u8; RX_RING_BYTES]> = StaticCell::new();
+static TX_RING: StaticCell<[u32; TX_RING_BYTES]> = StaticCell::new();
+
+#[embassy_executor::main]
+async fn main(spawner: Spawner) {
+    let p = embassy_stm32::init(Default::default());
+    info!("Hehe");
+
+    let _rx = Input::new(p.PA3, Pull::Up);
+    let _tx = Output::new(p.PA2, Level::High, Speed::VeryHigh);
+
+    init_tim6_for_uart(p.TIM6, BAUD, TX_OVERSAMPLE);
+    init_tim7_for_uart(p.TIM7, BAUD, RX_OVERSAMPLE);
+
+    dump_tim6_regs();
+
+    // Safe one-time init from StaticCell
+    let rx_ring: &mut [u8; RX_RING_BYTES] = RX_RING.init([0; RX_RING_BYTES]);
+    let tx_ring_mem: &mut [u32; TX_RING_BYTES] = TX_RING.init([0; TX_RING_BYTES]);
+
+    // Spawn tasks
+    spawner.spawn(rx_dma_task(p.GPDMA1_CH1, &PIPE_RX, rx_ring).unwrap());
+
+    // Create and start the TX DMA ring in main.
+    // let bsrr_ptr = embassy_stm32::pac::GPIOA.bsrr().as_ptr() as *mut u32;
+    let odr_ptr = embassy_stm32::pac::GPIOA.odr().as_ptr() as *mut u32;
+    let mut tx_opts = TransferOptions::default();
+    tx_opts.half_transfer_ir = true;
+    tx_opts.complete_transfer_ir = true;
+
+    // SAFETY: tx_ring_mem is exclusive
+    let mut tx_ring = unsafe {
+        WritableRingBuffer::new(
+            p.GPDMA1_CH0,
+            TIM6_UP_REQ,
+            odr_ptr,
+            tx_ring_mem,
+            tx_opts,
+        )
+    };
+    // Start DMA
+    tx_ring.start();
+    info!("TX DMA ring started");
+
+    loop {
+        info!("tick start");
+        Timer::after(Duration::from_millis(100)).await;
+        info!("tick end");
+        write_uart_frames_to_ring(
+            &mut tx_ring,
+            TX_PIN_BIT,
+            b"Hello marshmallow\r\n",
+        ).await;
+        info!("text");
+        Timer::after(Duration::from_secs(1)).await;
+    }
+}

dma_gpio/src/config.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+// src/config.rs
+use crate::software_uart::uart_emulation::{Parity, StopBits, UartConfig};
+
+pub const BAUD: u32 = 115_200;
+pub const TX_PIN_BIT: u8 = 2; // PA2
+pub const TX_OVERSAMPLE: u16 = 1;
+pub const RX_OVERSAMPLE: u16 = 16;
+pub const RX_RING_BYTES: usize = 4096;
+pub const TX_RING_BYTES: usize = 4096;
+pub const PIPE_RX_SIZE: usize = 256;
+
+pub const UART_CFG: UartConfig = UartConfig {
+    data_bits: 8,
+    parity: Parity::None,
+    stop_bits: StopBits::One,
+};

dma_gpio/src/lib.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+#![no_std]
+
+pub mod software_uart;
+pub mod config;

dma_gpio/src/software_uart/debug.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+// src/software_uart/debug.rs
+use defmt::info;
+
+pub fn dump_tim6_regs() {
+    use embassy_stm32::pac::timer::TimBasic;
+    let tim = unsafe { TimBasic::from_ptr(0x4000_1000usize as _) };
+    let sr = tim.sr().read();
+    let dier = tim.dier().read();
+    let cr1 = tim.cr1().read();
+    let arr = tim.arr().read().arr();
+    let psc = tim.psc().read();
+    info!(
+        "TIM6: CR1.CEN={} DIER.UDE={} SR.UIF={} PSC={} ARR={}",
+        cr1.cen(),
+        dier.ude(),
+        sr.uif(),
+        psc,
+        arr
+    );
+}
+
+pub fn dump_dma_ch0_regs() {
+    use embassy_stm32::pac::gpdma::Gpdma;
+    let dma = unsafe { Gpdma::from_ptr(0x4002_0000usize as _) };
+    let ch = dma.ch(0);
+    let cr = ch.cr().read();
+    let tr1 = ch.tr1().read();
+    let tr2 = ch.tr2().read();
+    let br1 = ch.br1().read();
+    info!(
+        "GPDMA1_CH0: EN={} PRIO={} SDW={} DDW={} SINC={} DINC={} REQSEL={} SWREQ={} DREQ={} BNDT={}",
+        cr.en(),
+        cr.prio(),
+        tr1.sdw(),
+        tr1.ddw(),
+        tr1.sinc(),
+        tr1.dinc(),
+        tr2.reqsel(),
+        tr2.swreq(),
+        tr2.dreq(),
+        br1.bndt()
+    );
+}

dma_gpio/src/software_uart/dma_timer.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+// src/dma_timer.rs
+
+use embassy_stm32::{
+    peripherals::{TIM6, TIM7},
+    rcc,
+    timer::low_level::Timer,
+    Peri,
+};
+use core::mem;
+use embassy_stm32::timer::BasicInstance;
+use embassy_stm32::pac::timer::vals::Urs;
+
+/// Initializes TIM6 to tick at `baud * oversample` frequency.
+/// Each TIM6 update event triggers one DMA beat.
+pub fn init_tim6_for_uart<'d>(tim6: Peri<'d, TIM6>, baud: u32, oversample: u16) {
+    rcc::enable_and_reset::<TIM6>();
+    let ll = Timer::new(tim6);
+    configure_basic_timer(&ll, baud, oversample);
+    mem::forget(ll);
+}
+
+/// Initializes TIM7 to tick at `baud * oversample` frequency.
+/// Each TIM7 update event triggers one DMA beat.
+pub fn init_tim7_for_uart<'d>(tim7: Peri<'d, TIM7>, baud: u32, oversample: u16) {
+    rcc::enable_and_reset::<TIM7>();
+    let ll = Timer::new(tim7);
+    configure_basic_timer(&ll, baud, oversample);
+    mem::forget(ll);
+}
+
+// Shared internal helper — identical CR1/ARR setup
+fn configure_basic_timer<T: BasicInstance>(ll: &Timer<'_, T>, baud: u32, oversample: u16) {
+    let f_timer = rcc::frequency::<T>().0;
+    let target = baud.saturating_mul(oversample.max(1) as u32).max(1);
+
+    // Compute ARR (prescaler = 0)
+    let mut arr = (f_timer / target).saturating_sub(1) as u16;
+    if arr == 0 { arr = 1; }
+
+    ll.regs_basic().cr1().write(|w| {
+        w.set_cen(false);
+        w.set_opm(false);
+        w.set_udis(false);
+        w.set_urs(Urs::ANY_EVENT);
+    });
+
+    ll.regs_basic().psc().write_value(0u16);
+    ll.regs_basic().arr().write(|w| w.set_arr(arr));
+    ll.regs_basic().dier().modify(|w| w.set_ude(true));
+    ll.regs_basic().egr().write(|w| w.set_ug(true));
+
+    ll.regs_basic().cr1().write(|w| {
+        w.set_opm(false);
+        w.set_cen(true);
+        w.set_udis(false);
+        w.set_urs(Urs::ANY_EVENT);
+    });
+}

dma_gpio/src/software_uart/gpio_dma_uart_rx.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+// src/software_uart/runtime.rs
+use embassy_executor::task;
+use embassy_stm32::{
+    dma::Request,
+    peripherals::GPDMA1_CH1,
+    Peri,
+};
+use embassy_stm32::dma::{
+    ReadableRingBuffer,
+    TransferOptions,
+};
+use crate::config::{RX_OVERSAMPLE, UART_CFG};
+use crate::software_uart::decode_uart_samples;
+use embassy_sync::{blocking_mutex::raw::CriticalSectionRawMutex, pipe::Pipe};
+use embassy_futures::yield_now;
+
+// datasheet tabulka 137
+pub const TIM7_UP_REQ: Request = 5;
+
+/// RX DMA task: reads GPIO samples paced by TIM7 and fills PIPE_RX
+#[task]
+pub async fn rx_dma_task(
+    ch: Peri<'static, GPDMA1_CH1>,
+    pipe_rx: &'static Pipe<CriticalSectionRawMutex, 256>,
+    ring: &'static mut [u8],
+) {
+    let gpioa_idr = embassy_stm32::pac::GPIOA.idr().as_ptr() as *mut u8;
+
+    let mut opts = TransferOptions::default();
+    opts.half_transfer_ir = true;
+    opts.complete_transfer_ir = true;
+
+    // SAFETY: ring is exclusive to this task
+    let mut rx = unsafe { ReadableRingBuffer::new(ch, TIM7_UP_REQ, gpioa_idr, ring, opts) };
+    rx.start();
+
+    let mut chunk = [0u8; 256];
+    loop {
+        let _ = rx.read_exact(&mut chunk).await;
+        let decoded = decode_uart_samples(&chunk, RX_OVERSAMPLE, &UART_CFG);
+        pipe_rx.write(&decoded).await;
+        yield_now().await;
+    }
+}

dma_gpio/src/software_uart/gpio_dma_uart_tx.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+// src/software_uart/gpio_dma_uart_tx.rs
+use embassy_stm32::dma::Request;
+use embassy_stm32::dma::WritableRingBuffer;
+use crate::software_uart::uart_emulation::encode_uart_byte_cfg;
+use crate::config::UART_CFG;
+
+// kapitola 17.4.11 - 2 casovace pre 2 DMA
+pub const TIM6_UP_REQ: Request = 4; // Table 137: tim6_upd_dma, strana 687 STM32U5xx datasheet
+
+/// Push UART frames into the DMA-backed TX ring
+pub async fn write_uart_frames_to_ring(
+    ring: &mut WritableRingBuffer<'static, u32>,
+    pin_bit: u8,
+    bytes: &[u8],
+) {
+    for &b in bytes {
+        let mut frame = [0u32; 12];
+        let used = encode_uart_byte_cfg(pin_bit, b, &UART_CFG, &mut frame);
+
+        // Will wait until all words are written
+        ring.write_exact(&frame[..used]).await.unwrap();
+    }
+}

dma_gpio/src/software_uart/mod.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+// src/software_uart/mod.rs
+
+pub mod gpio_dma_uart_tx;
+pub mod gpio_dma_uart_rx;
+pub mod dma_timer;
+pub mod uart_emulation;
+pub mod debug;
+
+pub use gpio_dma_uart_tx::*;
+pub use gpio_dma_uart_rx::*;
+pub use dma_timer::*;
+pub use uart_emulation::*;
+pub use debug::*;

dma_gpio/src/software_uart/uart_emulation.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,151 @@
+// src/software_uart/uart_emulation.rs
+use heapless::Vec;
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub enum Parity {
+    None,
+    Even,
+    Odd,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub enum StopBits {
+    One,
+    Two,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug)]
+pub struct UartConfig {
+    pub data_bits: u8,
+    pub parity: Parity,
+    pub stop_bits: StopBits,
+}
+
+impl Default for UartConfig {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            data_bits: 8,
+            parity: Parity::None,
+            stop_bits: StopBits::One,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// Encodes one byte into a sequence of GPIO BSRR words
+pub fn encode_uart_byte_cfg(
+    pin_bit: u8,
+    data: u8,
+    cfg: &UartConfig,
+    out: &mut [u32; 12],
+) -> usize {
+    // GPIOx_BSRR register str. 636 kap. 13.4.7
+    let set_high = |bit: u8| -> u32 { 1u32 << bit };
+    let set_low = |bit: u8| -> u32 { 0 };
+    // let set_low = |bit: u8| -> u32 { 1u32 << (bit as u32 + 16) };
+
+    let mut idx = 0usize;
+
+    // START bit (LOW)
+    out[idx] = set_low(pin_bit);
+    idx += 1;
+
+    // Data bits, LSB-first
+    let nbits = cfg.data_bits.clamp(5, 8);
+    for i in 0..nbits {
+        let one = ((data >> i) & 1) != 0;
+        out[idx] = if one { set_high(pin_bit) } else { set_low(pin_bit) };
+        idx += 1;
+    }
+
+    // Parity
+    match cfg.parity {
+        Parity::None => {}
+        Parity::Even | Parity::Odd => {
+            let mask: u8 = if nbits == 8 { 0xFF } else { (1u16 << nbits) as u8 - 1 };
+            let ones = (data & mask).count_ones() & 1;
+            let par_bit_is_one = match cfg.parity {
+                Parity::Even => ones == 1,
+                Parity::Odd => ones == 0,
+                _ => false,
+            };
+            out[idx] = if par_bit_is_one {
+                set_high(pin_bit)
+            } else {
+                set_low(pin_bit)
+            };
+            idx += 1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // STOP bits (HIGH)
+    let stop_ticks = match cfg.stop_bits {
+        StopBits::One => 1usize,
+        StopBits::Two => 2usize,
+    };
+    for _ in 0..stop_ticks {
+        out[idx] = set_high(pin_bit);
+        idx += 1;
+    }
+
+    idx
+}
+
+/// Decode an oversampled stream of logic levels into UART bytes.
+pub fn decode_uart_samples(
+    samples: &[u8],
+    oversample: u16,
+    cfg: &UartConfig,
+) -> heapless::Vec<u8, 256> {
+
+    let mut out = Vec::<u8, 256>::new();
+    let mut idx = 0usize;
+    let nbits = cfg.data_bits as usize;
+
+    while idx + (oversample as usize * (nbits + 3)) < samples.len() {
+        // Wait for start bit (falling edge: high -> low)
+        if samples[idx] != 0 && samples[idx + 1] == 0 {
+            // Align to middle of start bit
+            idx += (oversample / 2) as usize;
+
+            // Sanity check start bit really low
+            if samples.get(idx).copied().unwrap_or(1) != 0 {
+                idx += 1;
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            // Sample data bits
+            let mut data: u8 = 0;
+            for bit in 0..nbits {
+                idx += oversample as usize;
+                let bit_val = samples
+                    .get(idx)
+                    .map(|&b| if b != 0 { 1u8 } else { 0u8 })
+                    .unwrap_or(1);
+                data |= bit_val << bit;
+            }
+
+            // Parity: skip / verify
+            match cfg.parity {
+                Parity::None => {}
+                Parity::Even | Parity::Odd => {
+                    idx += oversample as usize;
+                    // You can optionally add parity check here if needed
+                }
+            }
+
+            // Move past stop bits
+            let stop_skip = match cfg.stop_bits {
+                StopBits::One => oversample as usize,
+                StopBits::Two => (oversample * 2) as usize,
+            };
+            idx += stop_skip;
+
+            // Push decoded byte
+            let _ = out.push(data);
+        } else {
+            idx += 1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    out
+}

dma_gpio2/.cargo/config.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+[build]
+target = "thumbv8m.main-none-eabihf"
+
+[target.thumbv8m.main-none-eabihf]
+runner = "probe-rs run --chip STM32U575ZITxQ"
+
+rustflags = [
+  "-C", "linker=rust-lld",
+  "-C", "link-arg=-Tlink.x",
+  "-C", "link-arg=-Tdefmt.x",
+  "-C", "link-arg=--nmagic",
+]
+
+[package.metadata.cargo-flash]
+chip = "STM32U575ZIT"

dma_gpio2/.gitignore

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+/target

dma_gpio2/Cargo.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+[package]
+authors = ["Priec <filippriec@gmail.com>"]
+name = "dma_gpio"
+edition = "2024"
+version = "0.1.0"
+
+
+[dependencies]
+cortex-m = { version = "0.7.7", features = ["inline-asm", "critical-section-single-core"] }
+cortex-m-rt = "0.7.5"
+panic-halt = "1.0.0"
+
+embassy-executor = { git = "https://github.com/embassy-rs/embassy.git", branch = "main", features = ["arch-cortex-m", "executor-thread"] }
+embassy-futures = { git = "https://github.com/embassy-rs/embassy.git", branch = "main" }
+embassy-sync    = { git = "https://github.com/embassy-rs/embassy.git", branch = "main" }
+embassy-time    = { git = "https://github.com/embassy-rs/embassy.git", branch = "main", features = ["tick-hz-32_768"] }
+embassy-hal-internal = { git = "https://github.com/embassy-rs/embassy.git", branch = "main" }
+embassy-usb = { git = "https://github.com/embassy-rs/embassy.git", branch = "main" }
+embassy-stm32 = { git = "https://github.com/embassy-rs/embassy.git", branch = "main", features = ["unstable-pac", "stm32u575zi", "time-driver-tim2", "memory-x", "defmt"] }
+
+embedded-hal = "1.0.0"
+embedded-graphics = "0.8.1"
+heapless = { version = "0.9.1", default-features = false }
+micromath = "2.1.0"
+tinybmp = "0.6.0"
+panic-probe = { version = "1.0.0", features = ["defmt"] }
+defmt-rtt = "1.1.0"
+defmt = "1.0.1"
+static_cell = "2.1.1"

dma_gpio2/Makefile

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+TARGET = thumbv8m.main-none-eabihf
+CHIP = STM32U575ZI
+BIN = stm32u5-blinky
+MODE ?= release
+TARGET_DIR = target/$(TARGET)/$(MODE)
+ELF = $(TARGET_DIR)/$(BIN)
+PROBE = probe-rs
+
+.PHONY: all build flash clean empty
+
+all: build
+
+build:
+	cargo build --$(MODE)
+
+flash: build
+	$(PROBE) run --chip $(CHIP) $(ELF)
+
+empty:
+	$(PROBE) erase --chip $(CHIP)
+
+clean:
+	cargo clean

dma_gpio2/src/bin/main.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+// src/bin/main.rs
+
+#![no_std]
+#![no_main]
+
+use defmt::*;
+use embassy_executor::Spawner;
+use embassy_futures::yield_now;
+use embassy_stm32::gpio::{Input, Output, Level, Pull, Speed};
+use embassy_stm32::dma::{TransferOptions, Transfer, Priority, Request};
+use dma_gpio::software_uart::{
+    dma_timer::init_tim6_for_uart,
+    gpio_dma_uart_tx::encode_uart_frames,
+    debug::dump_tim6_regs,
+};
+use dma_gpio::config::{BAUD, TX_PIN_BIT, TX_OVERSAMPLE};
+use static_cell::StaticCell;
+use {defmt_rtt as _, panic_probe as _};
+
+unsafe fn start_dma<'a>(
+    ch: embassy_hal_internal::Peri<'a, impl embassy_stm32::dma::Channel>,
+    request: Request,
+    odr_ptr: *mut u32,
+    buf: &'a [u32],
+    opts: TransferOptions,
+) -> Transfer<'a> {
+    // new_write itself is unsafe
+    unsafe { Transfer::new_write(ch, request, buf, odr_ptr, opts) }
+}
+
+pub const TIM6_UP_REQ: Request = 4;
+const DMA_BUF_WORDS: usize = 256;
+
+static BUF_A: StaticCell<[u32; DMA_BUF_WORDS]> = StaticCell::new();
+static BUF_B: StaticCell<[u32; DMA_BUF_WORDS]> = StaticCell::new();
+
+#[embassy_executor::main]
+async fn main(_spawner: Spawner) {
+    let p = embassy_stm32::init(Default::default());
+    let odr_ptr = embassy_stm32::pac::GPIOA.odr().as_ptr() as *mut u32;
+
+    init_tim6_for_uart(p.TIM6, BAUD, TX_OVERSAMPLE);
+    dump_tim6_regs();
+
+    let buf_a = BUF_A.init([0u32; DMA_BUF_WORDS]);
+    let buf_b = BUF_B.init([0u32; DMA_BUF_WORDS]);
+    // Pre-fill with idle high level (stop bit level)
+    let idle = 1u32 << TX_PIN_BIT;
+    for w in buf_a.iter_mut() {
+        *w = idle;
+    }
+    for w in buf_b.iter_mut() {
+        *w = idle;
+    }
+
+    let mut opts = TransferOptions::default();
+    opts.priority = Priority::VeryHigh;
+    opts.complete_transfer_ir = true;
+
+    let mut ch0 = p.GPDMA1_CH0;
+    let mut using_a = true;
+
+    loop {
+        let (dma_buf, cpu_buf) = if using_a {
+            (&*buf_a, &mut *buf_b)
+        } else {
+            (&*buf_b, &mut *buf_a)
+        };
+
+        // Start from idle pattern
+        let idle = 1u32 << TX_PIN_BIT;
+        for w in cpu_buf.iter_mut() {
+            *w = idle;
+        }
+
+        let used = encode_uart_frames(TX_PIN_BIT, b"Hello marshmallow\r\n", cpu_buf).await;
+
+        let len = if used == 0 { 1 } else { used };
+        // At least one word so DMA is always valid.
+
+        let transfer = unsafe {
+            start_dma(
+                ch0.reborrow(),
+                TIM6_UP_REQ,
+                odr_ptr,
+                &dma_buf[..len],
+                opts,
+            )
+        };
+        transfer.await;
+        using_a = !using_a;
+
+        yield_now().await;
+    }
+}

dma_gpio2/src/config.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+// src/config.rs
+use crate::software_uart::uart_emulation::{Parity, StopBits, UartConfig};
+
+pub const BAUD: u32 = 9_600;
+pub const TX_PIN_BIT: u8 = 2; // PA2
+pub const TX_OVERSAMPLE: u16 = 1;
+pub const RX_OVERSAMPLE: u16 = 16;
+pub const RX_RING_BYTES: usize = 4096;
+pub const TX_RING_BYTES: usize = 4096;
+pub const PIPE_RX_SIZE: usize = 256;
+
+pub const UART_CFG: UartConfig = UartConfig {
+    data_bits: 8,
+    parity: Parity::None,
+    stop_bits: StopBits::One,
+};

dma_gpio2/src/lib.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+#![no_std]
+
+pub mod software_uart;
+pub mod config;

dma_gpio2/src/software_uart/debug.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+// src/software_uart/debug.rs
+use defmt::info;
+
+pub fn dump_tim6_regs() {
+    use embassy_stm32::pac::timer::TimBasic;
+    let tim = unsafe { TimBasic::from_ptr(0x4000_1000usize as _) };
+    let sr = tim.sr().read();
+    let dier = tim.dier().read();
+    let cr1 = tim.cr1().read();
+    let arr = tim.arr().read().arr();
+    let psc = tim.psc().read();
+    info!(
+        "TIM6: CR1.CEN={} DIER.UDE={} SR.UIF={} PSC={} ARR={}",
+        cr1.cen(),
+        dier.ude(),
+        sr.uif(),
+        psc,
+        arr
+    );
+}
+
+pub fn dump_dma_ch0_regs() {
+    use embassy_stm32::pac::gpdma::Gpdma;
+    let dma = unsafe { Gpdma::from_ptr(0x4002_0000usize as _) };
+    let ch = dma.ch(0);
+    let cr = ch.cr().read();
+    let tr1 = ch.tr1().read();
+    let tr2 = ch.tr2().read();
+    let br1 = ch.br1().read();
+    info!(
+        "GPDMA1_CH0: EN={} PRIO={} SDW={} DDW={} SINC={} DINC={} REQSEL={} SWREQ={} DREQ={} BNDT={}",
+        cr.en(),
+        cr.prio(),
+        tr1.sdw(),
+        tr1.ddw(),
+        tr1.sinc(),
+        tr1.dinc(),
+        tr2.reqsel(),
+        tr2.swreq(),
+        tr2.dreq(),
+        br1.bndt()
+    );
+}

dma_gpio2/src/software_uart/dma_timer.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+// src/dma_timer.rs
+
+use embassy_stm32::{
+    peripherals::TIM6,
+    rcc,
+    timer::low_level::Timer,
+    Peri,
+};
+use core::mem;
+use embassy_stm32::timer::BasicInstance;
+use embassy_stm32::pac::timer::vals::Urs;
+
+/// Initializes TIM6 to tick at `baud * oversample` frequency.
+/// Each TIM6 update event triggers one DMA beat.
+pub fn init_tim6_for_uart<'d>(tim6: Peri<'d, TIM6>, baud: u32, oversample: u16) {
+    rcc::enable_and_reset::<TIM6>();
+    let ll = Timer::new(tim6);
+    configure_basic_timer(&ll, baud, oversample);
+    mem::forget(ll);
+}
+
+// Shared internal helper — identical CR1/ARR setup
+fn configure_basic_timer<T: BasicInstance>(ll: &Timer<'_, T>, baud: u32, oversample: u16) {
+    let f_timer = rcc::frequency::<T>().0;
+    let target = baud.saturating_mul(oversample.max(1) as u32).max(1);
+
+    // Compute ARR (prescaler = 0)
+    let mut arr = (f_timer / target).saturating_sub(1) as u16;
+    if arr == 0 { arr = 1; }
+
+    ll.regs_basic().cr1().write(|w| {
+        w.set_cen(false);
+        w.set_opm(false);
+        w.set_udis(false);
+        w.set_urs(Urs::ANY_EVENT);
+    });
+
+    ll.regs_basic().psc().write_value(0u16);
+    ll.regs_basic().arr().write(|w| w.set_arr(arr));
+    ll.regs_basic().dier().modify(|w| w.set_ude(true));
+    ll.regs_basic().egr().write(|w| w.set_ug(true));
+
+    ll.regs_basic().cr1().write(|w| {
+        w.set_opm(false);
+        w.set_cen(true);
+        w.set_udis(false);
+        w.set_urs(Urs::ANY_EVENT);
+    });
+}

dma_gpio2/src/software_uart/gpio_dma_uart_tx.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+// src/software_uart/gpio_dma_uart_tx.rs
+use embassy_futures::yield_now;
+use crate::software_uart::uart_emulation::encode_uart_byte_cfg;
+use crate::config::UART_CFG;
+
+pub async fn encode_uart_frames<'a>(
+    pin_bit: u8,
+    bytes: &[u8],
+    out_buf: &'a mut [u32],
+) -> usize {
+    let mut offset = 0;
+    for &b in bytes {
+        let mut frame = [0u32; 12];
+        let used = encode_uart_byte_cfg(pin_bit, b, &UART_CFG, &mut frame);
+
+        if offset + used <= out_buf.len() {
+            out_buf[offset..offset + used].copy_from_slice(&frame[..used]);
+            offset += used;
+        } else {
+            break;
+        }
+
+        // cooperative async yield
+        yield_now().await;
+    }
+    offset
+}

dma_gpio2/src/software_uart/mod.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+// src/software_uart/mod.rs
+
+pub mod gpio_dma_uart_tx;
+pub mod dma_timer;
+pub mod uart_emulation;
+pub mod debug;
+
+pub use gpio_dma_uart_tx::*;
+pub use dma_timer::*;
+pub use uart_emulation::*;
+pub use debug::*;

dma_gpio2/src/software_uart/uart_emulation.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,151 @@
+// src/software_uart/uart_emulation.rs
+use heapless::Vec;
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub enum Parity {
+    None,
+    Even,
+    Odd,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub enum StopBits {
+    One,
+    Two,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug)]
+pub struct UartConfig {
+    pub data_bits: u8,
+    pub parity: Parity,
+    pub stop_bits: StopBits,
+}
+
+impl Default for UartConfig {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            data_bits: 8,
+            parity: Parity::None,
+            stop_bits: StopBits::One,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// Encodes one byte into a sequence of GPIO BSRR words
+pub fn encode_uart_byte_cfg(
+    pin_bit: u8,
+    data: u8,
+    cfg: &UartConfig,
+    out: &mut [u32; 12],
+) -> usize {
+    // GPIOx_BSRR register str. 636 kap. 13.4.7
+    let set_high = |bit: u8| -> u32 { 1u32 << bit };
+    let set_low = |bit: u8| -> u32 { 0 };
+    // let set_low = |bit: u8| -> u32 { 1u32 << (bit as u32 + 16) };
+
+    let mut idx = 0usize;
+
+    // START bit (LOW)
+    out[idx] = set_low(pin_bit);
+    idx += 1;
+
+    // Data bits, LSB-first
+    let nbits = cfg.data_bits.clamp(5, 8);
+    for i in 0..nbits {
+        let one = ((data >> i) & 1) != 0;
+        out[idx] = if one { set_high(pin_bit) } else { set_low(pin_bit) };
+        idx += 1;
+    }
+
+    // Parity
+    match cfg.parity {
+        Parity::None => {}
+        Parity::Even | Parity::Odd => {
+            let mask: u8 = if nbits == 8 { 0xFF } else { (1u16 << nbits) as u8 - 1 };
+            let ones = (data & mask).count_ones() & 1;
+            let par_bit_is_one = match cfg.parity {
+                Parity::Even => ones == 1,
+                Parity::Odd => ones == 0,
+                _ => false,
+            };
+            out[idx] = if par_bit_is_one {
+                set_high(pin_bit)
+            } else {
+                set_low(pin_bit)
+            };
+            idx += 1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // STOP bits (HIGH)
+    let stop_ticks = match cfg.stop_bits {
+        StopBits::One => 1usize,
+        StopBits::Two => 2usize,
+    };
+    for _ in 0..stop_ticks {
+        out[idx] = set_high(pin_bit);
+        idx += 1;
+    }
+
+    idx
+}
+
+/// Decode an oversampled stream of logic levels into UART bytes.
+pub fn decode_uart_samples(
+    samples: &[u8],
+    oversample: u16,
+    cfg: &UartConfig,
+) -> heapless::Vec<u8, 256> {
+
+    let mut out = Vec::<u8, 256>::new();
+    let mut idx = 0usize;
+    let nbits = cfg.data_bits as usize;
+
+    while idx + (oversample as usize * (nbits + 3)) < samples.len() {
+        // Wait for start bit (falling edge: high -> low)
+        if samples[idx] != 0 && samples[idx + 1] == 0 {
+            // Align to middle of start bit
+            idx += (oversample / 2) as usize;
+
+            // Sanity check start bit really low
+            if samples.get(idx).copied().unwrap_or(1) != 0 {
+                idx += 1;
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            // Sample data bits
+            let mut data: u8 = 0;
+            for bit in 0..nbits {
+                idx += oversample as usize;
+                let bit_val = samples
+                    .get(idx)
+                    .map(|&b| if b != 0 { 1u8 } else { 0u8 })
+                    .unwrap_or(1);
+                data |= bit_val << bit;
+            }
+
+            // Parity: skip / verify
+            match cfg.parity {
+                Parity::None => {}
+                Parity::Even | Parity::Odd => {
+                    idx += oversample as usize;
+                    // You can optionally add parity check here if needed
+                }
+            }
+
+            // Move past stop bits
+            let stop_skip = match cfg.stop_bits {
+                StopBits::One => oversample as usize,
+                StopBits::Two => (oversample * 2) as usize,
+            };
+            idx += stop_skip;
+
+            // Push decoded byte
+            let _ = out.push(data);
+        } else {
+            idx += 1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    out
+}

flake.nix

@@ -6,6 +6,10 @@
   outputs = { self, nixpkgs }: let
     system = "x86_64-linux";
     pkgs = import nixpkgs { inherit system; };
+    rust = pkgs.rust-bin.stable.latest.default.override {
+      targets = [ "thumbv8m.main-none-eabihf" ];
+      extensions = [ "rust-src" "rustfmt" "clippy" ];
+    };
   in {
     devShells.${system}.default = pkgs.mkShell {
       packages = with pkgs; [
@@ -34,32 +38,28 @@
       ];
 
       shellHook = ''
-        echo ">>> STM32U575ZI-Q Rust (HAL + PAC) DevShell"
-        echo "---------------------------------------------"
+        echo ">>> STM32 DevShell"
 
-        # Set up Rust target
-        rustup target add thumbv7em-none-eabihf 2>/dev/null || true
+	export PATH=${pkgs.rust-analyzer}/bin:$PATH
+	export PATH=$HOME/.cargo/bin:$PATH
 
-        # Ensure probe-rs binary is in PATH
-        if ! command -v probe-rs >/dev/null; then
-          echo "⚠️ probe-rs not found! (check nix installation)"
-        fi
+        rustup default stable
+        rustup component add rust-src rustfmt clippy 2>/dev/null || true
+        rustup target add thumbv8m.main-none-eabihf 2>/dev/null || true
 
-        export RUST_TARGET=thumbv7em-none-eabihf
+        export RUST_TARGET=thumbv8m.main-none-eabihf
         export CARGO_TARGET_DIR=target
+	export DEFMT_LOG=info
         export PATH=$PATH:${pkgs.gcc-arm-embedded}/bin
+        export RUST_SRC_PATH="$(rustc --print sysroot)/lib/rustlib/src/rust/library"
 
-        echo "🧩 Target: $RUST_TARGET"
-        echo "💡 Examples:"
-        echo "  1️⃣  cargo generate --git https://github.com/rust-embedded/cortex-m-quickstart --name stm32u5-blinky"
-        echo "  2️⃣  cd stm32u5-blinky && cargo build --release --target thumbv7em-none-eabihf"
-        echo "  3️⃣  probe-rs run --chip STM32U575ZITxQ target/thumbv7em-none-eabihf/release/stm32u5-blinky"
-        echo ""
-        echo "🧠 TIP: Add stm32u5xx-hal to Cargo.toml to access register-level HAL API."
-        echo "---------------------------------------------"
-
-        rustc --version
-        arm-none-eabi-gcc --version | head -n1
+	rustc --version
+	arm-none-eabi-gcc --version | head -n1
+        echo "cargo build --release --target thumbv8m.main-none-eabihf"
+        echo "cargo flash --release --chip STM32U575ZI"
+	echo "cargo run --bin main"
+	echo "probe-rs run --chip STM32U575ZITxQ target/thumbv8m.main-none-eabihf/release/main"
+	echo "target/**/build/embassy-stm32-*/out/_generated.rs"
       '';
     };
   };

hal_adc/.cargo/config.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+[build]
+target = "thumbv8m.main-none-eabihf"
+
+[target.thumbv8m.main-none-eabihf]
+runner = "probe-rs run --chip STM32U575ZITxQ"
+
+rustflags = [
+  "-C", "linker=rust-lld",
+  "-C", "link-arg=-Tlink.x",
+  "-C", "link-arg=-Tdefmt.x",
+  "-C", "link-arg=--nmagic",
+]
+
+[package.metadata.cargo-flash]
+chip = "STM32U575ZIT"

hal_adc/.gitignore

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+/target

hal_adc/Cargo.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+[package]
+authors = ["Priec <filippriec@gmail.com>"]
+name = "hal_adc"
+edition = "2024"
+version = "0.1.0"
+
+
+[dependencies]
+cortex-m = { version = "0.7.7", features = ["inline-asm", "critical-section-single-core"] }
+cortex-m-rt = "0.7.5"
+panic-halt = "1.0.0"
+
+embassy-executor = { version = "0.9.1", features = ["arch-cortex-m", "executor-thread"] }
+embassy-futures = "0.1.2"
+embassy-stm32 = { version = "0.4.0", features = ["unstable-pac", "stm32u575zi", "time-driver-any", "memory-x"] }
+embassy-sync = "0.7.2"
+embassy-time = { version = "0.5.0", features = ["tick-hz-32_768"] }
+embassy-usb = "0.5.1"
+
+embedded-hal = "1.0.0"
+embedded-graphics = "0.8.1"
+heapless = { version = "0.9.1", default-features = false }
+micromath = "2.1.0"
+tinybmp = "0.6.0"
+panic-probe = { version = "1.0.0", features = ["defmt"] }
+defmt-rtt = "1.1.0"
+defmt = "1.0.1"

hal_adc/LICENSE-APACHE

@@ -0,0 +1,201 @@
+                              Apache License
+                        Version 2.0, January 2004
+                     http://www.apache.org/licenses/
+
+TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR USE, REPRODUCTION, AND DISTRIBUTION
+
+1. Definitions.
+
+   "License" shall mean the terms and conditions for use, reproduction,
+   and distribution as defined by Sections 1 through 9 of this document.
+
+   "Licensor" shall mean the copyright owner or entity authorized by
+   the copyright owner that is granting the License.
+
+   "Legal Entity" shall mean the union of the acting entity and all
+   other entities that control, are controlled by, or are under common
+   control with that entity. For the purposes of this definition,
+   "control" means (i) the power, direct or indirect, to cause the
+   direction or management of such entity, whether by contract or
+   otherwise, or (ii) ownership of fifty percent (50%) or more of the
+   outstanding shares, or (iii) beneficial ownership of such entity.
+
+   "You" (or "Your") shall mean an individual or Legal Entity
+   exercising permissions granted by this License.
+
+   "Source" form shall mean the preferred form for making modifications,
+   including but not limited to software source code, documentation
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+
+   "Object" form shall mean any form resulting from mechanical
+   transformation or translation of a Source form, including but
+   not limited to compiled object code, generated documentation,
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+
+   "Work" shall mean the work of authorship, whether in Source or
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+2. Grant of Copyright License. Subject to the terms and conditions of
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+   whether in tort (including negligence), contract, or otherwise,
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+   of your accepting any such warranty or additional liability.
+
+END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
+
+APPENDIX: How to apply the Apache License to your work.
+
+   To apply the Apache License to your work, attach the following
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+   file or class name and description of purpose be included on the
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+Copyright [yyyy] [name of copyright owner]
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+Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
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+
+Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
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+WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+limitations under the License.

hal_adc/LICENSE-MIT

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any
+person obtaining a copy of this software and associated
+documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in the
+Software without restriction, including without
+limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge,
+publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of
+the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software
+is furnished to do so, subject to the following
+conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice
+shall be included in all copies or substantial portions
+of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF
+ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED
+TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A
+PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT
+SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY
+CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION
+OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR
+IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
+DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

hal_adc/Makefile

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+TARGET = thumbv8m.main-none-eabihf
+CHIP = STM32U575ZI
+BIN = stm32u5-blinky
+MODE ?= release
+TARGET_DIR = target/$(TARGET)/$(MODE)
+ELF = $(TARGET_DIR)/$(BIN)
+PROBE = probe-rs
+
+.PHONY: all build flash clean empty
+
+all: build
+
+build:
+	cargo build --$(MODE)
+
+flash: build
+	$(PROBE) run --chip $(CHIP) $(ELF)
+
+empty:
+	$(PROBE) erase --chip $(CHIP)
+
+clean:
+	cargo clean

hal_adc/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,232 @@
+# `app-template`
+
+> Quickly set up a [`probe-rs`] + [`defmt`] + [`flip-link`] embedded project
+
+[`probe-rs`]: https://crates.io/crates/probe-rs
+[`defmt`]: https://github.com/knurling-rs/defmt
+[`flip-link`]: https://github.com/knurling-rs/flip-link
+
+## Dependencies
+
+### 1. `flip-link`:
+
+```bash
+cargo install flip-link
+```
+
+### 2. `probe-rs`:
+
+Install probe-rs by following the instructions at <https://probe.rs/docs/getting-started/installation/>.
+
+### 3. [`cargo-generate`]:
+
+```bash
+cargo install cargo-generate
+```
+
+[`cargo-generate`]: https://crates.io/crates/cargo-generate
+
+> *Note:* You can also just clone this repository instead of using `cargo-generate`, but this involves additional manual adjustments.
+
+## Setup
+
+### 1. Initialize the project template
+
+```bash
+cargo generate \
+    --git https://github.com/knurling-rs/app-template \
+    --branch main \
+    --name my-app
+```
+
+If you look into your new `my-app` folder, you'll find that there are a few `TODO`s in the files marking the properties you need to set.
+
+Let's walk through them together now.
+
+### 2. Set `probe-rs` chip
+
+Pick a chip from ` probe-rs chip list` and enter it into `.cargo/config.toml`.
+
+If, for example, you have a nRF52840 Development Kit as used in one of [our exercises], replace `{{chip}}` with `nRF52840_xxAA`.
+
+[our workshops]: https://rust-exercises.ferrous-systems.com
+
+```diff
+ # .cargo/config.toml
+-runner = ["probe-rs", "run", "--chip", "$CHIP", "--log-format=oneline"]
++runner = ["probe-rs", "run", "--chip", "nRF52840_xxAA", "--log-format=oneline"]
+```
+
+### 3. Adjust the compilation target
+
+In `.cargo/config.toml`, pick the right compilation target for your board.
+
+```diff
+ # .cargo/config.toml
+ [build]
+-target = "thumbv6m-none-eabi"    # Cortex-M0 and Cortex-M0+
+-# target = "thumbv7m-none-eabi"    # Cortex-M3
+-# target = "thumbv7em-none-eabi"   # Cortex-M4 and Cortex-M7 (no FPU)
+-# target = "thumbv7em-none-eabihf" # Cortex-M4F and Cortex-M7F (with FPU)
++target = "thumbv7em-none-eabihf" # Cortex-M4F (with FPU)
+```
+
+Add the target with `rustup`.
+
+```bash
+rustup target add thumbv7em-none-eabihf
+```
+
+### 4. Add a HAL as a dependency
+
+In `Cargo.toml`, list the Hardware Abstraction Layer (HAL) for your board as a dependency.
+
+For the nRF52840 you'll want to use the [`nrf52840-hal`].
+
+[`nrf52840-hal`]: https://crates.io/crates/nrf52840-hal
+
+```diff
+ # Cargo.toml
+ [dependencies]
+-# some-hal = "1.2.3"
++nrf52840-hal = "0.14.0"
+```
+
+⚠️ Note for RP2040 users ⚠️
+
+You will need to not just specify the `rp-hal` HAL, but a BSP (board support crate) which includes a second stage bootloader. Please find a list of available BSPs [here](https://github.com/rp-rs/rp-hal-boards#packages).
+
+### 5. Import your HAL
+
+Now that you have selected a HAL, fix the HAL import in `src/lib.rs`
+
+```diff
+ // my-app/src/lib.rs
+-// use some_hal as _; // memory layout
++use nrf52840_hal as _; // memory layout
+```
+
+### (6. Get a linker script)
+
+Some HAL crates require that you manually copy over a file called `memory.x` from the HAL to the root of your project. For nrf52840-hal, this is done automatically so no action is needed. For other HAL crates, see their documentation on where to find an example file.
+
+The `memory.x` file should look something like:
+
+```text
+MEMORY
+{
+  FLASH : ORIGIN = 0x00000000, LENGTH = 1024K
+  RAM   : ORIGIN = 0x20000000, LENGTH = 256K
+}
+```
+
+The `memory.x` file is included in the `cortex-m-rt` linker script `link.x`, and so `link.x` is the one you should tell `rustc` to use (see the `.cargo/config.toml` file where we do that).
+
+### 7. Run!
+
+You are now all set to `cargo-run` your first `defmt`-powered application!
+There are some examples in the `src/bin` directory.
+
+Start by `cargo run`-ning `my-app/src/bin/hello.rs`:
+
+```console
+$ # `rb` is an alias for `run --bin`
+$ cargo rb hello
+    Finished `dev` profile [optimized + debuginfo] target(s) in 0.01s
+     Running `probe-rs run --chip nrf52840_xxaa --log-format=oneline target/thumbv6m-none-eabi/debug/hello`
+      Erasing ✔ 100% [####################]   8.00 KiB @  15.79 KiB/s (took 1s)
+  Programming ✔ 100% [####################]   8.00 KiB @  13.19 KiB/s (took 1s)                                                                                                                        Finished in 1.11s
+Hello, world!
+
+$ echo $?
+0
+```
+
+If you're running out of memory (`flip-link` bails with an overflow error), you can decrease the size of the device memory buffer by setting the `DEFMT_RTT_BUFFER_SIZE` environment variable. The default value is 1024 bytes, and powers of two should be used for optimal performance:
+
+```console
+$ DEFMT_RTT_BUFFER_SIZE=64 cargo rb hello
+```
+
+### (8. Set `rust-analyzer.linkedProjects`)
+
+If you are using [rust-analyzer] with VS Code for IDE-like features you can add following configuration to your `.vscode/settings.json` to make it work transparently across workspaces. Find the details of this option in the [RA docs].
+
+```json
+{
+    "rust-analyzer.linkedProjects": [
+        "Cargo.toml",
+        "firmware/Cargo.toml",
+    ]
+}
+```
+
+[RA docs]: https://rust-analyzer.github.io/manual.html#configuration
+[rust-analyzer]: https://rust-analyzer.github.io/
+
+## Running tests
+
+The template comes configured for running unit tests and integration tests on the target.
+
+Unit tests reside in the library crate and can test private API; the initial set of unit tests are in `src/lib.rs`.
+`cargo test --lib` will run those unit tests.
+
+```console
+$ cargo test --lib
+   Compiling example v0.1.0 (./knurling-rs/example)
+    Finished `test` profile [optimized + debuginfo] target(s) in 0.15s
+     Running unittests src/lib.rs (target/thumbv6m-none-eabi/debug/deps/example-2b0d0e25d141bf57)
+      Erasing ✔ 100% [####################]   8.00 KiB @  15.99 KiB/s (took 1s)
+  Programming ✔ 100% [####################]   8.00 KiB @  13.33 KiB/s (took 1s)                                                                                                                        Finished in 1.10s
+(1/1) running `it_works`...
+all tests passed!
+```
+
+Integration tests reside in the `tests` directory; the initial set of integration tests are in `tests/integration.rs`.
+`cargo test --test integration` will run those integration tests.
+Note that the argument of the `--test` flag must match the name of the test file in the `tests` directory.
+
+```console
+$ cargo test --test integration
+   Compiling example v0.1.0 (./knurling-rs/example)
+    Finished `test` profile [optimized + debuginfo] target(s) in 0.10s
+     Running tests/integration.rs (target/thumbv6m-none-eabi/debug/deps/integration-aaaff41151f6a722)
+      Erasing ✔ 100% [####################]   8.00 KiB @  16.03 KiB/s (took 0s)
+  Programming ✔ 100% [####################]   8.00 KiB @  13.19 KiB/s (took 1s)                                                                                                                        Finished in 1.11s
+(1/1) running `it_works`...
+all tests passed!
+```
+
+Note that to add a new test file to the `tests` directory you also need to add a new `[[test]]` section to `Cargo.toml`.
+
+To run all the tests via `cargo test` the tests need to be explicitly disabled for all the existing binary targets.
+See `Cargo.toml` for details on how to do this.
+
+## Support
+
+`app-template` is part of the [Knurling] project, [Ferrous Systems]' effort at
+improving tooling used to develop for embedded systems.
+
+If you think that our work is useful, consider sponsoring it via [GitHub
+Sponsors].
+
+## License
+
+Licensed under either of
+
+- Apache License, Version 2.0 ([LICENSE-APACHE](LICENSE-APACHE) or
+  http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0)
+
+- MIT license ([LICENSE-MIT](LICENSE-MIT) or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT)
+
+at your option.
+
+### Contribution
+
+Unless you explicitly state otherwise, any contribution intentionally submitted
+for inclusion in the work by you, as defined in the Apache-2.0 license, shall be
+licensed as above, without any additional terms or conditions.
+
+[Knurling]: https://knurling.ferrous-systems.com
+[Ferrous Systems]: https://ferrous-systems.com/
+[GitHub Sponsors]: https://github.com/sponsors/knurling-rs

hal_adc/rust-toolchain.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+# rust-toolchain.toml
+[toolchain]
+channel = "stable"
+components = ["rust-src", "rustfmt", "clippy"]
+targets = ["thumbv8m.main-none-eabihf"]

hal_adc/src/bin/main.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+// src/bin/main.rs
+
+#![no_std]
+#![no_main]
+
+use defmt::*;
+use embassy_stm32::adc;
+use embassy_stm32::adc::{AdcChannel, adc4};
+use {defmt_rtt as _, panic_probe as _};
+
+#[embassy_executor::main]
+async fn main(_spawner: embassy_executor::Spawner) {
+    let config = embassy_stm32::Config::default();
+
+    let mut p = embassy_stm32::init(config);
+
+    // **** ADC1 init ****
+    let mut adc1 = adc::Adc::new(p.ADC1);
+    let mut adc1_pin1 = p.PA3; // A0 on nucleo u5a5
+    let mut adc1_pin2 = p.PA2; // A1
+    adc1.set_resolution(adc::Resolution::BITS14);
+    adc1.set_averaging(adc::Averaging::Samples1024);
+    adc1.set_sample_time(adc::SampleTime::CYCLES160_5);
+    let max1 = adc::resolution_to_max_count(adc::Resolution::BITS14);
+
+    // **** ADC2 init ****
+    let mut adc2 = adc::Adc::new(p.ADC2);
+    let mut adc2_pin1 = p.PC3; // A2
+    let mut adc2_pin2 = p.PB0; // A3
+    adc2.set_resolution(adc::Resolution::BITS14);
+    adc2.set_averaging(adc::Averaging::Samples1024);
+    adc2.set_sample_time(adc::SampleTime::CYCLES160_5);
+    let max2 = adc::resolution_to_max_count(adc::Resolution::BITS14);
+
+    // **** ADC4 init ****
+    let mut adc4 = adc4::Adc4::new(p.ADC4);
+    let mut adc4_pin1 = p.PC1; // A4
+    let mut adc4_pin2 = p.PC0; // A5
+    adc4.set_resolution(adc4::Resolution::BITS12);
+    adc4.set_averaging(adc4::Averaging::Samples256);
+    adc4.set_sample_time(adc4::SampleTime::CYCLES1_5);
+    let max4 = adc4::resolution_to_max_count(adc4::Resolution::BITS12);
+
+    // **** ADC1 blocking read ****
+    let raw: u16 = adc1.blocking_read(&mut adc1_pin1);
+    let volt: f32 = 3.3 * raw as f32 / max1 as f32;
+    info!("Read adc1 pin 1 {}", volt);
+
+    let raw: u16 = adc1.blocking_read(&mut adc1_pin2);
+    let volt: f32 = 3.3 * raw as f32 / max1 as f32;
+    info!("Read adc1 pin 2 {}", volt);
+
+    // **** ADC2 blocking read ****
+    let raw: u16 = adc2.blocking_read(&mut adc2_pin1);
+    let volt: f32 = 3.3 * raw as f32 / max2 as f32;
+    info!("Read adc2 pin 1 {}", volt);
+
+    let raw: u16 = adc2.blocking_read(&mut adc2_pin2);
+    let volt: f32 = 3.3 * raw as f32 / max2 as f32;
+    info!("Read adc2 pin 2 {}", volt);
+
+    // **** ADC4 blocking read ****
+    let raw: u16 = adc4.blocking_read(&mut adc4_pin1);
+    let volt: f32 = 3.3 * raw as f32 / max4 as f32;
+    info!("Read adc4 pin 1 {}", volt);
+
+    let raw: u16 = adc4.blocking_read(&mut adc4_pin2);
+    let volt: f32 = 3.3 * raw as f32 / max4 as f32;
+    info!("Read adc4 pin 2 {}", volt);
+
+    // **** ADC1 async read ****
+    let mut degraded11 = adc1_pin1.degrade_adc();
+    let mut degraded12 = adc1_pin2.degrade_adc();
+    let mut measurements = [0u16; 2];
+
+    adc1.read(
+        p.GPDMA1_CH0.reborrow(),
+        [
+            (&mut degraded11, adc::SampleTime::CYCLES160_5),
+            (&mut degraded12, adc::SampleTime::CYCLES160_5),
+        ]
+        .into_iter(),
+        &mut measurements,
+    )
+    .await;
+    let volt1: f32 = 3.3 * measurements[0] as f32 / max1 as f32;
+    let volt2: f32 = 3.3 * measurements[1] as f32 / max1 as f32;
+
+    info!("Async read 1 pin 1 {}", volt1);
+    info!("Async read 1 pin 2 {}", volt2);
+
+    // **** ADC2 does not support async read ****
+
+    // **** ADC4 async read ****
+    let mut degraded41 = adc4_pin1.degrade_adc();
+    let mut degraded42 = adc4_pin2.degrade_adc();
+    let mut measurements = [0u16; 2];
+
+    // The channels must be in ascending order and can't repeat for ADC4
+    adc4.read(
+        p.GPDMA1_CH1.reborrow(),
+        [&mut degraded42, &mut degraded41].into_iter(),
+        &mut measurements,
+    )
+    .await
+    .unwrap();
+    let volt2: f32 = 3.3 * measurements[0] as f32 / max4 as f32;
+    let volt1: f32 = 3.3 * measurements[1] as f32 / max4 as f32;
+    info!("Async read 4 pin 1 {}", volt1);
+    info!("Async read 4 pin 2 {}", volt2);
+}

hal_adc/src/lib.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+#![no_std]
+
+use defmt_rtt as _; // global logger
+use panic_probe as _;
+
+// same panicking *behavior* as `panic-probe` but doesn't print a panic message
+// this prevents the panic message being printed *twice* when `defmt::panic` is invoked
+#[defmt::panic_handler]
+fn panic() -> ! {
+    cortex_m::asm::udf()
+}
+
+/// HardFault exit handler
+#[cortex_m_rt::exception]
+unsafe fn HardFault(_frame: &cortex_m_rt::ExceptionFrame) -> ! {
+    cortex_m::asm::bkpt(); // stay under debugger rather than exit semihosting
+    loop {}
+}

hal_adc/tests/integration.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#![no_std]
+#![no_main]
+
+use stm32u5_blinky as _; // memory layout + panic handler
+
+// See https://crates.io/crates/defmt-test/0.3.0 for more documentation (e.g. about the 'state'
+// feature)
+#[defmt_test::tests]
+mod tests {
+    use defmt::assert;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn it_works() {
+        assert!(true)
+    }
+}

hal_rng/.cargo/config.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+[build]
+target = "thumbv8m.main-none-eabihf"
+
+[target.thumbv8m.main-none-eabihf]
+runner = "probe-rs run --chip STM32U575ZITxQ"
+
+rustflags = [
+  "-C", "linker=rust-lld",
+  "-C", "link-arg=-Tlink.x",
+  "-C", "link-arg=-Tdefmt.x",
+  "-C", "link-arg=--nmagic",
+]
+
+[package.metadata.cargo-flash]
+chip = "STM32U575ZIT"

hal_rng/.gitignore

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+/target

hal_rng/Cargo.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+[package]
+authors = ["Priec <filippriec@gmail.com>"]
+name = "hal_rng"
+edition = "2024"
+version = "0.1.0"
+
+
+[dependencies]
+cortex-m = { version = "0.7.7", features = ["inline-asm", "critical-section-single-core"] }
+cortex-m-rt = "0.7.5"
+panic-halt = "1.0.0"
+
+embassy-executor = { version = "0.9.1", features = ["arch-cortex-m", "executor-thread"] }
+embassy-futures = "0.1.2"
+embassy-stm32 = { version = "0.4.0", features = ["unstable-pac", "stm32u575zi", "time-driver-any", "memory-x", "defmt"] }
+embassy-sync = "0.7.2"
+embassy-time = { version = "0.5.0", features = ["tick-hz-32_768"] }
+embassy-usb = "0.5.1"
+
+embedded-hal = "1.0.0"
+embedded-graphics = "0.8.1"
+heapless = { version = "0.9.1", default-features = false }
+micromath = "2.1.0"
+tinybmp = "0.6.0"
+panic-probe = { version = "1.0.0", features = ["defmt"] }
+defmt-rtt = "1.1.0"
+defmt = "1.0.1"

hal_rng/LICENSE-APACHE

@@ -0,0 +1,201 @@
+                              Apache License
+                        Version 2.0, January 2004
+                     http://www.apache.org/licenses/
+
+TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR USE, REPRODUCTION, AND DISTRIBUTION
+
+1. Definitions.
+
+   "License" shall mean the terms and conditions for use, reproduction,
+   and distribution as defined by Sections 1 through 9 of this document.
+
+   "Licensor" shall mean the copyright owner or entity authorized by
+   the copyright owner that is granting the License.
+
+   "Legal Entity" shall mean the union of the acting entity and all
+   other entities that control, are controlled by, or are under common
+   control with that entity. For the purposes of this definition,
+   "control" means (i) the power, direct or indirect, to cause the
+   direction or management of such entity, whether by contract or
+   otherwise, or (ii) ownership of fifty percent (50%) or more of the
+   outstanding shares, or (iii) beneficial ownership of such entity.
+
+   "You" (or "Your") shall mean an individual or Legal Entity
+   exercising permissions granted by this License.
+
+   "Source" form shall mean the preferred form for making modifications,
+   including but not limited to software source code, documentation
+   source, and configuration files.
+
+   "Object" form shall mean any form resulting from mechanical
+   transformation or translation of a Source form, including but
+   not limited to compiled object code, generated documentation,
+   and conversions to other media types.
+
+   "Work" shall mean the work of authorship, whether in Source or
+   Object form, made available under the License, as indicated by a
+   copyright notice that is included in or attached to the work
+   (an example is provided in the Appendix below).
+
+   "Derivative Works" shall mean any work, whether in Source or Object
+   form, that is based on (or derived from) the Work and for which the
+   editorial revisions, annotations, elaborations, or other modifications
+   represent, as a whole, an original work of authorship. For the purposes
+   of this License, Derivative Works shall not include works that remain
+   separable from, or merely link (or bind by name) to the interfaces of,
+   the Work and Derivative Works thereof.
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+   To apply the Apache License to your work, attach the following
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+limitations under the License.

hal_rng/LICENSE-MIT

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any
+person obtaining a copy of this software and associated
+documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in the
+Software without restriction, including without
+limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge,
+publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of
+the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software
+is furnished to do so, subject to the following
+conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice
+shall be included in all copies or substantial portions
+of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF
+ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED
+TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A
+PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT
+SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY
+CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION
+OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR
+IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
+DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

hal_rng/Makefile

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+TARGET = thumbv8m.main-none-eabihf
+CHIP = STM32U575ZI
+BIN = stm32u5-blinky
+MODE ?= release
+TARGET_DIR = target/$(TARGET)/$(MODE)
+ELF = $(TARGET_DIR)/$(BIN)
+PROBE = probe-rs
+
+.PHONY: all build flash clean empty
+
+all: build
+
+build:
+	cargo build --$(MODE)
+
+flash: build
+	$(PROBE) run --chip $(CHIP) $(ELF)
+
+empty:
+	$(PROBE) erase --chip $(CHIP)
+
+clean:
+	cargo clean

hal_rng/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,232 @@
+# `app-template`
+
+> Quickly set up a [`probe-rs`] + [`defmt`] + [`flip-link`] embedded project
+
+[`probe-rs`]: https://crates.io/crates/probe-rs
+[`defmt`]: https://github.com/knurling-rs/defmt
+[`flip-link`]: https://github.com/knurling-rs/flip-link
+
+## Dependencies
+
+### 1. `flip-link`:
+
+```bash
+cargo install flip-link
+```
+
+### 2. `probe-rs`:
+
+Install probe-rs by following the instructions at <https://probe.rs/docs/getting-started/installation/>.
+
+### 3. [`cargo-generate`]:
+
+```bash
+cargo install cargo-generate
+```
+
+[`cargo-generate`]: https://crates.io/crates/cargo-generate
+
+> *Note:* You can also just clone this repository instead of using `cargo-generate`, but this involves additional manual adjustments.
+
+## Setup
+
+### 1. Initialize the project template
+
+```bash
+cargo generate \
+    --git https://github.com/knurling-rs/app-template \
+    --branch main \
+    --name my-app
+```
+
+If you look into your new `my-app` folder, you'll find that there are a few `TODO`s in the files marking the properties you need to set.
+
+Let's walk through them together now.
+
+### 2. Set `probe-rs` chip
+
+Pick a chip from ` probe-rs chip list` and enter it into `.cargo/config.toml`.
+
+If, for example, you have a nRF52840 Development Kit as used in one of [our exercises], replace `{{chip}}` with `nRF52840_xxAA`.
+
+[our workshops]: https://rust-exercises.ferrous-systems.com
+
+```diff
+ # .cargo/config.toml
+-runner = ["probe-rs", "run", "--chip", "$CHIP", "--log-format=oneline"]
++runner = ["probe-rs", "run", "--chip", "nRF52840_xxAA", "--log-format=oneline"]
+```
+
+### 3. Adjust the compilation target
+
+In `.cargo/config.toml`, pick the right compilation target for your board.
+
+```diff
+ # .cargo/config.toml
+ [build]
+-target = "thumbv6m-none-eabi"    # Cortex-M0 and Cortex-M0+
+-# target = "thumbv7m-none-eabi"    # Cortex-M3
+-# target = "thumbv7em-none-eabi"   # Cortex-M4 and Cortex-M7 (no FPU)
+-# target = "thumbv7em-none-eabihf" # Cortex-M4F and Cortex-M7F (with FPU)
++target = "thumbv7em-none-eabihf" # Cortex-M4F (with FPU)
+```
+
+Add the target with `rustup`.
+
+```bash
+rustup target add thumbv7em-none-eabihf
+```
+
+### 4. Add a HAL as a dependency
+
+In `Cargo.toml`, list the Hardware Abstraction Layer (HAL) for your board as a dependency.
+
+For the nRF52840 you'll want to use the [`nrf52840-hal`].
+
+[`nrf52840-hal`]: https://crates.io/crates/nrf52840-hal
+
+```diff
+ # Cargo.toml
+ [dependencies]
+-# some-hal = "1.2.3"
++nrf52840-hal = "0.14.0"
+```
+
+⚠️ Note for RP2040 users ⚠️
+
+You will need to not just specify the `rp-hal` HAL, but a BSP (board support crate) which includes a second stage bootloader. Please find a list of available BSPs [here](https://github.com/rp-rs/rp-hal-boards#packages).
+
+### 5. Import your HAL
+
+Now that you have selected a HAL, fix the HAL import in `src/lib.rs`
+
+```diff
+ // my-app/src/lib.rs
+-// use some_hal as _; // memory layout
++use nrf52840_hal as _; // memory layout
+```
+
+### (6. Get a linker script)
+
+Some HAL crates require that you manually copy over a file called `memory.x` from the HAL to the root of your project. For nrf52840-hal, this is done automatically so no action is needed. For other HAL crates, see their documentation on where to find an example file.
+
+The `memory.x` file should look something like:
+
+```text
+MEMORY
+{
+  FLASH : ORIGIN = 0x00000000, LENGTH = 1024K
+  RAM   : ORIGIN = 0x20000000, LENGTH = 256K
+}
+```
+
+The `memory.x` file is included in the `cortex-m-rt` linker script `link.x`, and so `link.x` is the one you should tell `rustc` to use (see the `.cargo/config.toml` file where we do that).
+
+### 7. Run!
+
+You are now all set to `cargo-run` your first `defmt`-powered application!
+There are some examples in the `src/bin` directory.
+
+Start by `cargo run`-ning `my-app/src/bin/hello.rs`:
+
+```console
+$ # `rb` is an alias for `run --bin`
+$ cargo rb hello
+    Finished `dev` profile [optimized + debuginfo] target(s) in 0.01s
+     Running `probe-rs run --chip nrf52840_xxaa --log-format=oneline target/thumbv6m-none-eabi/debug/hello`
+      Erasing ✔ 100% [####################]   8.00 KiB @  15.79 KiB/s (took 1s)
+  Programming ✔ 100% [####################]   8.00 KiB @  13.19 KiB/s (took 1s)                                                                                                                        Finished in 1.11s
+Hello, world!
+
+$ echo $?
+0
+```
+
+If you're running out of memory (`flip-link` bails with an overflow error), you can decrease the size of the device memory buffer by setting the `DEFMT_RTT_BUFFER_SIZE` environment variable. The default value is 1024 bytes, and powers of two should be used for optimal performance:
+
+```console
+$ DEFMT_RTT_BUFFER_SIZE=64 cargo rb hello
+```
+
+### (8. Set `rust-analyzer.linkedProjects`)
+
+If you are using [rust-analyzer] with VS Code for IDE-like features you can add following configuration to your `.vscode/settings.json` to make it work transparently across workspaces. Find the details of this option in the [RA docs].
+
+```json
+{
+    "rust-analyzer.linkedProjects": [
+        "Cargo.toml",
+        "firmware/Cargo.toml",
+    ]
+}
+```
+
+[RA docs]: https://rust-analyzer.github.io/manual.html#configuration
+[rust-analyzer]: https://rust-analyzer.github.io/
+
+## Running tests
+
+The template comes configured for running unit tests and integration tests on the target.
+
+Unit tests reside in the library crate and can test private API; the initial set of unit tests are in `src/lib.rs`.
+`cargo test --lib` will run those unit tests.
+
+```console
+$ cargo test --lib
+   Compiling example v0.1.0 (./knurling-rs/example)
+    Finished `test` profile [optimized + debuginfo] target(s) in 0.15s
+     Running unittests src/lib.rs (target/thumbv6m-none-eabi/debug/deps/example-2b0d0e25d141bf57)
+      Erasing ✔ 100% [####################]   8.00 KiB @  15.99 KiB/s (took 1s)
+  Programming ✔ 100% [####################]   8.00 KiB @  13.33 KiB/s (took 1s)                                                                                                                        Finished in 1.10s
+(1/1) running `it_works`...
+all tests passed!
+```
+
+Integration tests reside in the `tests` directory; the initial set of integration tests are in `tests/integration.rs`.
+`cargo test --test integration` will run those integration tests.
+Note that the argument of the `--test` flag must match the name of the test file in the `tests` directory.
+
+```console
+$ cargo test --test integration
+   Compiling example v0.1.0 (./knurling-rs/example)
+    Finished `test` profile [optimized + debuginfo] target(s) in 0.10s
+     Running tests/integration.rs (target/thumbv6m-none-eabi/debug/deps/integration-aaaff41151f6a722)
+      Erasing ✔ 100% [####################]   8.00 KiB @  16.03 KiB/s (took 0s)
+  Programming ✔ 100% [####################]   8.00 KiB @  13.19 KiB/s (took 1s)                                                                                                                        Finished in 1.11s
+(1/1) running `it_works`...
+all tests passed!
+```
+
+Note that to add a new test file to the `tests` directory you also need to add a new `[[test]]` section to `Cargo.toml`.
+
+To run all the tests via `cargo test` the tests need to be explicitly disabled for all the existing binary targets.
+See `Cargo.toml` for details on how to do this.
+
+## Support
+
+`app-template` is part of the [Knurling] project, [Ferrous Systems]' effort at
+improving tooling used to develop for embedded systems.
+
+If you think that our work is useful, consider sponsoring it via [GitHub
+Sponsors].
+
+## License
+
+Licensed under either of
+
+- Apache License, Version 2.0 ([LICENSE-APACHE](LICENSE-APACHE) or
+  http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0)
+
+- MIT license ([LICENSE-MIT](LICENSE-MIT) or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT)
+
+at your option.
+
+### Contribution
+
+Unless you explicitly state otherwise, any contribution intentionally submitted
+for inclusion in the work by you, as defined in the Apache-2.0 license, shall be
+licensed as above, without any additional terms or conditions.
+
+[Knurling]: https://knurling.ferrous-systems.com
+[Ferrous Systems]: https://ferrous-systems.com/
+[GitHub Sponsors]: https://github.com/sponsors/knurling-rs

hal_rng/src/bin/main.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+// src/bin/main.rs
+
+#![no_std]
+#![no_main]
+
+use defmt::*;
+use embassy_executor::Spawner;
+use embassy_stm32::rng::Rng;
+use embassy_stm32::{bind_interrupts, peripherals, rng};
+use embassy_time::{Duration, Timer};
+use {defmt_rtt as _, panic_probe as _};
+
+bind_interrupts!(struct Irqs {
+    RNG => rng::InterruptHandler<peripherals::RNG>;
+});
+
+#[embassy_executor::main]
+async fn main(_spawner: Spawner) {
+    let p = embassy_stm32::init(Default::default());
+
+    info!("Hello World!");
+
+    let mut rng = Rng::new(p.RNG, Irqs);
+
+    let mut buf = [0u8; 16];
+
+    loop {
+        unwrap!(rng.async_fill_bytes(&mut buf).await);
+        info!("random bytes: {:02x}", buf);
+
+        Timer::after(Duration::from_secs(1)).await;
+    }
+}

hal_rng/src/lib.rs

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+#![no_std]

hal_rng/tests/integration.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#![no_std]
+#![no_main]
+
+use stm32u5_blinky as _; // memory layout + panic handler
+
+// See https://crates.io/crates/defmt-test/0.3.0 for more documentation (e.g. about the 'state'
+// feature)
+#[defmt_test::tests]
+mod tests {
+    use defmt::assert;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn it_works() {
+        assert!(true)
+    }
+}

hal_test/.cargo/config.toml

@@ -1,22 +1,14 @@
-[target.'cfg(all(target_arch = "arm", target_os = "none"))']
-runner = ["probe-rs", "run", "--chip", "STM32U575ZI", "--log-format=oneline"]
-
-rustflags = [
-  "-C", "linker=flip-link",
-  "-C", "link-arg=-Tlink.x",
-  "-C", "link-arg=-Tdefmt.x",
-  "-C", "link-arg=--nmagic",
-]
-
 [build]
 target = "thumbv8m.main-none-eabihf"
 
 [target.thumbv8m.main-none-eabihf]
-runner = "probe-rs run --chip STM32U575ZI"
+runner = "probe-rs run --chip STM32U575ZITxQ"
 
-[alias]
-rb = "run --bin"
-rrb = "run --release --bin"
+rustflags = [
+  "-C", "linker=rust-lld",
+  "-C", "link-arg=-Tlink.x",
+  "-C", "link-arg=--nmagic",
+]
 
-[env]
-DEFMT_LOG = "info"
+[package.metadata.cargo-flash]
+chip = "STM32U575ZIT"

hal_test/.gitignore

@@ -1,2 +1 @@
 /target
-Cargo.lock

hal_test/Cargo.lock

@@ -0,0 +1,949 @@
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+# It is not intended for manual editing.
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+
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+ "once_cell",
+ "version_check",
+ "zerocopy",
+]
+
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hal_test/Cargo.toml

@@ -1,42 +1,24 @@
 [package]
-# TODO(1) fix `authors` and `name` if you didn't use `cargo-generate`
 authors = ["Priec <filippriec@gmail.com>"]
-name = "stm32u5-blinky"
+name = "hal_test"
 edition = "2024"
 version = "0.1.0"
 
 
 [dependencies]
-cortex-m = { version = "0.7", features = ["critical-section-single-core"] }
-cortex-m-rt = "0.7"
-defmt = "1.0"
-defmt-rtt = "1.0"
-panic-probe = { version = "1.0", features = ["print-defmt"] }
-embassy-stm32 = { version = "0.4.0", features = ["stm32u575zi", "time-driver-tim1", "defmt", "low-power", "memory-x"] }
-embassy-time = "0.5.0"
-semihosting = "0.1.20"
+cortex-m = { version = "0.7.7", features = ["inline-asm", "critical-section-single-core"] }
+cortex-m-rt = "0.7.5"
+panic-halt = "1.0.0"
+
+embassy-executor = { version = "0.9.1", features = ["arch-cortex-m", "executor-thread"] }
+embassy-futures = "0.1.2"
+embassy-stm32 = { version = "0.4.0", features = ["unstable-pac", "stm32u575zi", "time-driver-any", "memory-x"] }
+embassy-sync = "0.7.2"
+embassy-time = { version = "0.5.0", features = ["tick-hz-32_768"] }
+embassy-usb = "0.5.1"
+
 embedded-hal = "1.0.0"
-
-[dev-dependencies]
-defmt-test = "0.3"
-
-# cargo build/run
-[profile.dev]
-# default is opt-level = '0', but that makes very
-# verbose machine code
-opt-level = 's'
-# trade compile speed for slightly better optimisations
-codegen-units = 1
-
-# cargo build/run --release
-[profile.release]
-# default is opt-level = '3', but that makes quite
-# verbose machine code
-opt-level = 's'
-# trade compile speed for slightly better optimisations
-codegen-units = 1
-# Use Link Time Optimisations to further inline things across
-# crates
-lto = 'fat'
-# Leave the debug symbols in (default is no debug info)
-debug = 2
+embedded-graphics = "0.8.1"
+heapless = { version = "0.9.1", default-features = false }
+micromath = "2.1.0"
+tinybmp = "0.6.0"

hal_test/Makefile

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+TARGET = thumbv8m.main-none-eabihf
+CHIP = STM32U575ZI
+BIN = main
+MODE ?= release
+ELF = target/$(TARGET)/$(MODE)/$(BIN)
+PROBE = probe-rs
+
+.PHONY: all build flash empty
+
+all: build flash
+
+build:
+	cargo build --target $(TARGET) --$(MODE)
+
+flash: build
+	$(PROBE) run --chip $(CHIP) $(ELF)
+
+empty:
+	$(PROBE) erase --chip $(CHIP)
+

hal_test/memory.x

@@ -1,13 +0,0 @@
-/* memory.x - STM32U575ZITxQ memory layout */
-
-/* Flash: 2 MB starting at 0x08000000 */
-/* SRAM1 + SRAM2 + SRAM3 total 786 KB starting at 0x20000000 */
-
-MEMORY
-{
-  FLASH (rx)  : ORIGIN = 0x08000000, LENGTH = 2048K
-  RAM   (xrw) : ORIGIN = 0x20000000, LENGTH = 786K
-}
-
-/* provide stack start symbol (end of RAM) */
-_stack_start = ORIGIN(RAM) + LENGTH(RAM);

hal_test/src/bin/main.rs

@@ -1,30 +1,24 @@
-// src/bin/main.rs
-
 #![no_std]
 #![no_main]
 
-use defmt_rtt as _;
+use embassy_executor::Spawner;
 use embassy_stm32::gpio::{Level, Output, Speed};
+use embassy_time::{Duration, Timer};
+use embassy_stm32::init;
 use embassy_stm32::Config;
-use embassy_time::Delay;
-use embedded_hal::delay::DelayNs;
-use panic_probe as _;
+use panic_halt as _;
 
-#[cortex_m_rt::entry]
-fn main() -> ! {
-    defmt::info!("Starting blinky on STM32U575ZI-Q...");
+#[embassy_executor::main]
+async fn main(_spawner: Spawner) {
+    let p = init(Config::default());
 
-    // Initialize peripherals with the default clock tree for STM32U5.
-    let p = embassy_stm32::init(Config::default());
-
-    // On‑board LED (PB7 on NUCLEO‑U575ZI‑Q)
-    let mut led = Output::new(p.PB7, Level::Low, Speed::Low);
-    let mut delay = Delay;
+    // The user LED on NUCLEO-U575ZI-Q is typically on port B, pin 0 (verify silkscreen)
+    let mut led = Output::new(p.PB0, Level::Low, Speed::Low);
 
     loop {
         led.set_high();
-        delay.delay_ms(500); // needs embedded_hal::delay::DelayNs in scope
+        Timer::after(Duration::from_millis(500)).await;
         led.set_low();
-        delay.delay_ms(500);
+        Timer::after(Duration::from_millis(500)).await;
     }
 }

hal_test/src/lib.rs

@@ -1,46 +1 @@
-#![no_main]
 #![no_std]
-
-use defmt_rtt as _; // global logger
-
-// TODO(5) adjust HAL import
-// use some_hal as _; // memory layout
-
-use panic_probe as _;
-
-// same panicking *behavior* as `panic-probe` but doesn't print a panic message
-// this prevents the panic message being printed *twice* when `defmt::panic` is invoked
-#[defmt::panic_handler]
-fn panic() -> ! {
-    cortex_m::asm::udf()
-}
-
-/// Terminates the application and makes a semihosting-capable debug tool exit
-/// with status code 0.
-pub fn exit() -> ! {
-    semihosting::process::exit(0);
-}
-
-/// Hardfault handler.
-///
-/// Terminates the application and makes a semihosting-capable debug tool exit
-/// with an error. This seems better than the default, which is to spin in a
-/// loop.
-#[cortex_m_rt::exception]
-unsafe fn HardFault(_frame: &cortex_m_rt::ExceptionFrame) -> ! {
-    semihosting::process::exit(1);
-}
-
-// defmt-test 0.3.0 has the limitation that this `#[tests]` attribute can only be used
-// once within a crate. the module can be in any file but there can only be at most
-// one `#[tests]` module in this library crate
-#[cfg(test)]
-#[defmt_test::tests]
-mod unit_tests {
-    use defmt::assert;
-
-    #[test]
-    fn it_works() {
-        assert!(true)
-    }
-}

semestralka_1/.cargo/config.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+[build]
+target = "thumbv8m.main-none-eabihf"
+
+[target.thumbv8m.main-none-eabihf]
+runner = "probe-rs run --chip STM32U575ZITxQ"
+
+rustflags = [
+  "-C", "linker=rust-lld",
+  "-C", "link-arg=-Tlink.x",
+  "-C", "link-arg=-Tdefmt.x",
+  "-C", "link-arg=--nmagic",
+]
+
+[package.metadata.cargo-flash]
+chip = "STM32U575ZIT"

semestralka_1/.gitignore

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+/target

semestralka_1/Cargo.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+[package]
+authors = ["Priec <filippriec@gmail.com>"]
+name = "async_uart"
+edition = "2024"
+version = "0.1.0"
+
+
+[dependencies]
+cortex-m = { version = "0.7.7", features = ["inline-asm", "critical-section-single-core"] }
+cortex-m-rt = "0.7.5"
+panic-halt = "1.0.0"
+
+embassy-executor = { version = "0.9.1", features = ["arch-cortex-m", "executor-thread"] }
+embassy-futures = "0.1.2"
+embassy-stm32 = { version = "0.4.0", features = ["unstable-pac", "stm32u575zi", "time-driver-any", "memory-x", "defmt"] }
+embassy-sync = "0.7.2"
+embassy-time = { version = "0.5.0", features = ["tick-hz-32_768"] }
+embassy-usb = "0.5.1"
+
+embedded-hal = "1.0.0"
+embedded-graphics = "0.8.1"
+heapless = { version = "0.9.1", default-features = false }
+micromath = "2.1.0"
+tinybmp = "0.6.0"
+panic-probe = { version = "1.0.0", features = ["defmt"] }
+defmt-rtt = "1.1.0"
+defmt = "1.0.1"
+static_cell = "2.1.1"
+embedded-io-async = "0.6.0"
+embedded-io = "0.6.1"
+
+[dev-dependencies]
+defmt-test = "0.4.0"

semestralka_1/LICENSE-APACHE

@@ -0,0 +1,201 @@
+                              Apache License
+                        Version 2.0, January 2004
+                     http://www.apache.org/licenses/
+
+TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR USE, REPRODUCTION, AND DISTRIBUTION
+
+1. Definitions.
+
+   "License" shall mean the terms and conditions for use, reproduction,
+   and distribution as defined by Sections 1 through 9 of this document.
+
+   "Licensor" shall mean the copyright owner or entity authorized by
+   the copyright owner that is granting the License.
+
+   "Legal Entity" shall mean the union of the acting entity and all
+   other entities that control, are controlled by, or are under common
+   control with that entity. For the purposes of this definition,
+   "control" means (i) the power, direct or indirect, to cause the
+   direction or management of such entity, whether by contract or
+   otherwise, or (ii) ownership of fifty percent (50%) or more of the
+   outstanding shares, or (iii) beneficial ownership of such entity.
+
+   "You" (or "Your") shall mean an individual or Legal Entity
+   exercising permissions granted by this License.
+
+   "Source" form shall mean the preferred form for making modifications,
+   including but not limited to software source code, documentation
+   source, and configuration files.
+
+   "Object" form shall mean any form resulting from mechanical
+   transformation or translation of a Source form, including but
+   not limited to compiled object code, generated documentation,
+   and conversions to other media types.
+
+   "Work" shall mean the work of authorship, whether in Source or
+   Object form, made available under the License, as indicated by a
+   copyright notice that is included in or attached to the work
+   (an example is provided in the Appendix below).
+
+   "Derivative Works" shall mean any work, whether in Source or Object
+   form, that is based on (or derived from) the Work and for which the
+   editorial revisions, annotations, elaborations, or other modifications
+   represent, as a whole, an original work of authorship. For the purposes
+   of this License, Derivative Works shall not include works that remain
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+   "Contribution" shall mean any work of authorship, including
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+   "Contributor" shall mean Licensor and any individual or Legal Entity
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+2. Grant of Copyright License. Subject to the terms and conditions of
+   this License, each Contributor hereby grants to You a perpetual,
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+4. Redistribution. You may reproduce and distribute copies of the
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+
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+
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+
+   To apply the Apache License to your work, attach the following
+   boilerplate notice, with the fields enclosed by brackets "[]"
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+Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
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+
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+
+Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
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+WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+limitations under the License.

semestralka_1/LICENSE-MIT

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any
+person obtaining a copy of this software and associated
+documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in the
+Software without restriction, including without
+limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge,
+publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of
+the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software
+is furnished to do so, subject to the following
+conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice
+shall be included in all copies or substantial portions
+of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF
+ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED
+TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A
+PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT
+SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY
+CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION
+OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR
+IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
+DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.

semestralka_1/Makefile

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+TARGET = thumbv8m.main-none-eabihf
+CHIP = STM32U575ZI
+BIN = stm32u5-blinky
+MODE ?= release
+TARGET_DIR = target/$(TARGET)/$(MODE)
+ELF = $(TARGET_DIR)/$(BIN)
+PROBE = probe-rs
+
+.PHONY: all build flash clean empty
+
+all: build
+
+build:
+	cargo build --$(MODE)
+
+flash: build
+	$(PROBE) run --chip $(CHIP) $(ELF)
+
+empty:
+	$(PROBE) erase --chip $(CHIP)
+
+clean:
+	cargo clean

semestralka_1/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,232 @@
+# `app-template`
+
+> Quickly set up a [`probe-rs`] + [`defmt`] + [`flip-link`] embedded project
+
+[`probe-rs`]: https://crates.io/crates/probe-rs
+[`defmt`]: https://github.com/knurling-rs/defmt
+[`flip-link`]: https://github.com/knurling-rs/flip-link
+
+## Dependencies
+
+### 1. `flip-link`:
+
+```bash
+cargo install flip-link
+```
+
+### 2. `probe-rs`:
+
+Install probe-rs by following the instructions at <https://probe.rs/docs/getting-started/installation/>.
+
+### 3. [`cargo-generate`]:
+
+```bash
+cargo install cargo-generate
+```
+
+[`cargo-generate`]: https://crates.io/crates/cargo-generate
+
+> *Note:* You can also just clone this repository instead of using `cargo-generate`, but this involves additional manual adjustments.
+
+## Setup
+
+### 1. Initialize the project template
+
+```bash
+cargo generate \
+    --git https://github.com/knurling-rs/app-template \
+    --branch main \
+    --name my-app
+```
+
+If you look into your new `my-app` folder, you'll find that there are a few `TODO`s in the files marking the properties you need to set.
+
+Let's walk through them together now.
+
+### 2. Set `probe-rs` chip
+
+Pick a chip from ` probe-rs chip list` and enter it into `.cargo/config.toml`.
+
+If, for example, you have a nRF52840 Development Kit as used in one of [our exercises], replace `{{chip}}` with `nRF52840_xxAA`.
+
+[our workshops]: https://rust-exercises.ferrous-systems.com
+
+```diff
+ # .cargo/config.toml
+-runner = ["probe-rs", "run", "--chip", "$CHIP", "--log-format=oneline"]
++runner = ["probe-rs", "run", "--chip", "nRF52840_xxAA", "--log-format=oneline"]
+```
+
+### 3. Adjust the compilation target
+
+In `.cargo/config.toml`, pick the right compilation target for your board.
+
+```diff
+ # .cargo/config.toml
+ [build]
+-target = "thumbv6m-none-eabi"    # Cortex-M0 and Cortex-M0+
+-# target = "thumbv7m-none-eabi"    # Cortex-M3
+-# target = "thumbv7em-none-eabi"   # Cortex-M4 and Cortex-M7 (no FPU)
+-# target = "thumbv7em-none-eabihf" # Cortex-M4F and Cortex-M7F (with FPU)
++target = "thumbv7em-none-eabihf" # Cortex-M4F (with FPU)
+```
+
+Add the target with `rustup`.
+
+```bash
+rustup target add thumbv7em-none-eabihf
+```
+
+### 4. Add a HAL as a dependency
+
+In `Cargo.toml`, list the Hardware Abstraction Layer (HAL) for your board as a dependency.
+
+For the nRF52840 you'll want to use the [`nrf52840-hal`].
+
+[`nrf52840-hal`]: https://crates.io/crates/nrf52840-hal
+
+```diff
+ # Cargo.toml
+ [dependencies]
+-# some-hal = "1.2.3"
++nrf52840-hal = "0.14.0"
+```
+
+⚠️ Note for RP2040 users ⚠️
+
+You will need to not just specify the `rp-hal` HAL, but a BSP (board support crate) which includes a second stage bootloader. Please find a list of available BSPs [here](https://github.com/rp-rs/rp-hal-boards#packages).
+
+### 5. Import your HAL
+
+Now that you have selected a HAL, fix the HAL import in `src/lib.rs`
+
+```diff
+ // my-app/src/lib.rs
+-// use some_hal as _; // memory layout
++use nrf52840_hal as _; // memory layout
+```
+
+### (6. Get a linker script)
+
+Some HAL crates require that you manually copy over a file called `memory.x` from the HAL to the root of your project. For nrf52840-hal, this is done automatically so no action is needed. For other HAL crates, see their documentation on where to find an example file.
+
+The `memory.x` file should look something like:
+
+```text
+MEMORY
+{
+  FLASH : ORIGIN = 0x00000000, LENGTH = 1024K
+  RAM   : ORIGIN = 0x20000000, LENGTH = 256K
+}
+```
+
+The `memory.x` file is included in the `cortex-m-rt` linker script `link.x`, and so `link.x` is the one you should tell `rustc` to use (see the `.cargo/config.toml` file where we do that).
+
+### 7. Run!
+
+You are now all set to `cargo-run` your first `defmt`-powered application!
+There are some examples in the `src/bin` directory.
+
+Start by `cargo run`-ning `my-app/src/bin/hello.rs`:
+
+```console
+$ # `rb` is an alias for `run --bin`
+$ cargo rb hello
+    Finished `dev` profile [optimized + debuginfo] target(s) in 0.01s
+     Running `probe-rs run --chip nrf52840_xxaa --log-format=oneline target/thumbv6m-none-eabi/debug/hello`
+      Erasing ✔ 100% [####################]   8.00 KiB @  15.79 KiB/s (took 1s)
+  Programming ✔ 100% [####################]   8.00 KiB @  13.19 KiB/s (took 1s)                                                                                                                        Finished in 1.11s
+Hello, world!
+
+$ echo $?
+0
+```
+
+If you're running out of memory (`flip-link` bails with an overflow error), you can decrease the size of the device memory buffer by setting the `DEFMT_RTT_BUFFER_SIZE` environment variable. The default value is 1024 bytes, and powers of two should be used for optimal performance:
+
+```console
+$ DEFMT_RTT_BUFFER_SIZE=64 cargo rb hello
+```
+
+### (8. Set `rust-analyzer.linkedProjects`)
+
+If you are using [rust-analyzer] with VS Code for IDE-like features you can add following configuration to your `.vscode/settings.json` to make it work transparently across workspaces. Find the details of this option in the [RA docs].
+
+```json
+{
+    "rust-analyzer.linkedProjects": [
+        "Cargo.toml",
+        "firmware/Cargo.toml",
+    ]
+}
+```
+
+[RA docs]: https://rust-analyzer.github.io/manual.html#configuration
+[rust-analyzer]: https://rust-analyzer.github.io/
+
+## Running tests
+
+The template comes configured for running unit tests and integration tests on the target.
+
+Unit tests reside in the library crate and can test private API; the initial set of unit tests are in `src/lib.rs`.
+`cargo test --lib` will run those unit tests.
+
+```console
+$ cargo test --lib
+   Compiling example v0.1.0 (./knurling-rs/example)
+    Finished `test` profile [optimized + debuginfo] target(s) in 0.15s
+     Running unittests src/lib.rs (target/thumbv6m-none-eabi/debug/deps/example-2b0d0e25d141bf57)
+      Erasing ✔ 100% [####################]   8.00 KiB @  15.99 KiB/s (took 1s)
+  Programming ✔ 100% [####################]   8.00 KiB @  13.33 KiB/s (took 1s)                                                                                                                        Finished in 1.10s
+(1/1) running `it_works`...
+all tests passed!
+```
+
+Integration tests reside in the `tests` directory; the initial set of integration tests are in `tests/integration.rs`.
+`cargo test --test integration` will run those integration tests.
+Note that the argument of the `--test` flag must match the name of the test file in the `tests` directory.
+
+```console
+$ cargo test --test integration
+   Compiling example v0.1.0 (./knurling-rs/example)
+    Finished `test` profile [optimized + debuginfo] target(s) in 0.10s
+     Running tests/integration.rs (target/thumbv6m-none-eabi/debug/deps/integration-aaaff41151f6a722)
+      Erasing ✔ 100% [####################]   8.00 KiB @  16.03 KiB/s (took 0s)
+  Programming ✔ 100% [####################]   8.00 KiB @  13.19 KiB/s (took 1s)                                                                                                                        Finished in 1.11s
+(1/1) running `it_works`...
+all tests passed!
+```
+
+Note that to add a new test file to the `tests` directory you also need to add a new `[[test]]` section to `Cargo.toml`.
+
+To run all the tests via `cargo test` the tests need to be explicitly disabled for all the existing binary targets.
+See `Cargo.toml` for details on how to do this.
+
+## Support
+
+`app-template` is part of the [Knurling] project, [Ferrous Systems]' effort at
+improving tooling used to develop for embedded systems.
+
+If you think that our work is useful, consider sponsoring it via [GitHub
+Sponsors].
+
+## License
+
+Licensed under either of
+
+- Apache License, Version 2.0 ([LICENSE-APACHE](LICENSE-APACHE) or
+  http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0)
+
+- MIT license ([LICENSE-MIT](LICENSE-MIT) or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT)
+
+at your option.
+
+### Contribution
+
+Unless you explicitly state otherwise, any contribution intentionally submitted
+for inclusion in the work by you, as defined in the Apache-2.0 license, shall be
+licensed as above, without any additional terms or conditions.
+
+[Knurling]: https://knurling.ferrous-systems.com
+[Ferrous Systems]: https://ferrous-systems.com/
+[GitHub Sponsors]: https://github.com/sponsors/knurling-rs

semestralka_1/datasheet.txt

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+https://www.ti.com/lit/ug/sprugp1/sprugp1.pdf?ts=1761641486453

semestralka_1/src/bin/main.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,157 @@
+// src/bin/main.rs
+
+#![no_std]
+#![no_main]
+use defmt::*;
+use embassy_executor::Spawner;
+use embassy_stm32::bind_interrupts;
+use embassy_stm32::peripherals;
+use embassy_stm32::peripherals::{PA2, PA3};
+use embassy_stm32::gpio::{Input, Output, Pull, Speed, Level};
+use embassy_stm32::Peripherals;
+use embassy_stm32::usart::{BufferedInterruptHandler, BufferedUart, Config};
+use embassy_stm32::timer::low_level::Timer as HardwareTimer;
+use embassy_stm32::interrupt::{self, typelevel::TIM2 as TIM2_IRQ, Priority};
+use embassy_stm32::peripherals::TIM2;
+use embedded_io_async::{Read, Write};
+use embassy_stm32::time::Hertz;
+use embassy_time::{Timer, Duration, Instant};
+use embassy_futures::yield_now;
+use embassy_futures::select::{select, Either};
+use embassy_sync::blocking_mutex::raw::CriticalSectionRawMutex;
+use embassy_sync::pipe::Pipe;
+use embassy_sync::signal::Signal;
+use static_cell::StaticCell;
+use {defmt_rtt as _, panic_probe as _};
+use async_uart::safety::{preflight_and_suggest_yield_period, RX_PIPE_CAP, TX_PIPE_CAP};
+
+static UART_TX: Pipe<CriticalSectionRawMutex, TX_PIPE_CAP> = Pipe::new();
+static UART_RX: Pipe<CriticalSectionRawMutex, RX_PIPE_CAP> = Pipe::new();
+static TIM2_TICK: Signal<CriticalSectionRawMutex, ()> = Signal::new();
+
+bind_interrupts!(
+    struct Irqs {
+        USART1 => BufferedInterruptHandler<peripherals::USART1>;
+    }
+);
+
+#[embassy_executor::task]
+async fn uart_task(mut uart: BufferedUart<'static>) {
+    let mut rx_byte = [0u8; 1];
+    let mut tx_buf = [0u8; 64];
+    loop {
+        // Wait for either RX or TX events.
+        let rx_fut = uart.read(&mut rx_byte);
+        let tx_fut = async {
+            // Until there's outgoing data in TX pipe
+            let n = UART_TX.read(&mut tx_buf).await;
+            n
+        };
+        match select(rx_fut, tx_fut).await {
+            // Incoming data from UART hardware
+            Either::First(res) => {
+                if let Ok(_) = res {
+                    // Forward to RX pipe
+                    let _ = UART_RX.write(&rx_byte).await;
+                    let _ = UART_TX.try_write(&rx_byte);
+                }
+            }
+            // Outgoing data waiting in TX pipe
+            Either::Second(n) => {
+                unwrap!(uart.write(&tx_buf[..n]).await);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[embassy_executor::main]
+async fn main(spawner: Spawner) {
+    info!("tititititi");
+    let p = embassy_stm32::init(Default::default());
+    static TX_BUF: StaticCell<[u8; 256]> = StaticCell::new();
+    static RX_BUF: StaticCell<[u8; 256]> = StaticCell::new();
+    let tx_buf = TX_BUF.init([0; 256]);
+    let rx_buf = RX_BUF.init([0; 256]);
+    let mut cfg = Config::default();
+    cfg.baudrate = 230_400;
+
+    // Call preflight and get the computed yield period
+    let yield_period = preflight_and_suggest_yield_period(cfg.baudrate);
+
+    let usart = BufferedUart::new(
+        p.USART1,
+        p.PA10, // RX
+        p.PA9,  // TX
+        tx_buf,
+        rx_buf,
+        Irqs,
+        cfg,
+    ).unwrap();
+    info!("starting uart task");
+    spawner.spawn(uart_task(usart)).unwrap();
+
+    let mut transfer: u32 = 16;
+    let mut rx_buf = [0u8; 64];
+    let mut last_yield = Instant::now();
+
+    // Software UART bits init
+    let mut tx = Output::new(p.PA2, Level::Low, Speed::Low);
+    let _rx = Input::new(p.PA3, Pull::Up);
+
+    let tim = HardwareTimer::new(p.TIM2);
+
+    // Configure for 230_400 Hz
+    tim.set_frequency(Hertz(cfg.baudrate*transfer));
+    tim.enable_update_interrupt(true);
+    tim.start();
+
+    tx.set_high();
+    loop {
+
+        TIM2_TICK.wait().await;
+        tx.set_low();
+        TIM2_TICK.wait().await;
+
+        Timer::after(Duration::from_millis(1000)).await;
+        // Poll RX pipe for new data (non-blocking)
+        if let Ok(n) = UART_RX.try_read(&mut rx_buf) {
+            if n > 0 {
+                if let Ok(s) = core::str::from_utf8(&rx_buf[..n]) {
+                    info!("RX got: {}", s);
+                } else {
+                    info!("RX got (non‑utf8): {:?}", &rx_buf[..n]);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Guaranteed to yield before ISR RX buffer can overflow
+        if Instant::now().duration_since(last_yield) >= yield_period {
+            yield_now().await;
+            last_yield = Instant::now();
+            // info!("Yield mf {}", counter);
+        }
+        // Timer::after(Duration::from_micros(1)).await;
+        // Timer::after(Duration::from_secs(5)).await;
+    }
+}
+
+#[embassy_stm32::interrupt]
+fn TIM2() {
+    use embassy_stm32::timer::CoreInstance;
+
+    // Access TIM2 core registers directly.
+    let regs = unsafe {
+        embassy_stm32::pac::timer::TimCore::from_ptr(
+            <peripherals::TIM2 as CoreInstance>::regs(),
+        )
+    };
+
+    // Clear update flag to avoid retriggering.
+    let sr = regs.sr().read();
+    if sr.uif() {
+        regs.sr().modify(|r| r.set_uif(false));
+
+        // Signal the waiting task that a tick occurred.
+        TIM2_TICK.signal(());
+    }
+}

semestralka_1/src/lib.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+#![no_std]
+pub mod safety;
+// pub mod software_uart;

semestralka_1/src/safety.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+// src/safety.rs
+use defmt::info;
+use embassy_time::Duration;
+
+// ISR RX ring capacity = RX_BUF len
+const ISR_RX_BUF_CAP: usize = 256;
+// Yield 1/2 the time it takes to fill ISR RX ring.
+const YIELD_MARGIN_NUM: u32 = 1;
+const YIELD_MARGIN_DEN: u32 = 2;
+// Ensure RX_PIPE_CAP can hold this.
+const WORST_MAIN_LATENCY_MS: u32 = 20;
+
+pub const TX_PIPE_CAP: usize = 1024;
+pub const RX_PIPE_CAP: usize = 1024;
+
+
+
+/// Perform safety checks and compute yield timing to avoid buffer overflow.
+///
+/// # Panics
+/// Panics if pipe capacities are too small for the configured baud.
+pub fn preflight_and_suggest_yield_period(baud: u32) -> Duration {
+    // Approx bytes per second for 8N1 (10 bits per byte on the wire)
+    let bytes_per_sec = (baud / 10).max(1);
+
+    // Time until ISR RX ring fills, in microseconds.
+    let t_fill_us = (ISR_RX_BUF_CAP as u64) * 1_000_000u64 / (bytes_per_sec as u64);
+
+    // Choose a yield period as a fraction of t_fill.
+    let yield_us = (t_fill_us as u64)
+        .saturating_mul(YIELD_MARGIN_NUM as u64)
+        / (YIELD_MARGIN_DEN as u64);
+
+    // Verify RX pipe can absorb a worst-case app latency so uart_task
+    // can always forward without dropping when it runs.
+    let required_rx_pipe = (bytes_per_sec as u64) * (WORST_MAIN_LATENCY_MS as u64) / 1000;
+
+    if (RX_PIPE_CAP as u64) < required_rx_pipe {
+        core::panic!(
+            "RX pipe too small: have {}B, need >= {}B for {}ms at {} bps",
+            RX_PIPE_CAP, required_rx_pipe, WORST_MAIN_LATENCY_MS, baud
+        );
+    }
+
+    info!(
+        "Preflight: baud={}, rx_isr={}B, rx_pipe={}B, bytes/s={}, t_fill_us={}, yield_us={}",
+        baud,
+        ISR_RX_BUF_CAP,
+        RX_PIPE_CAP,
+        bytes_per_sec,
+        t_fill_us,
+        yield_us
+    );
+
+    // Never choose zero.
+    Duration::from_micros(yield_us.max(1) as u64)
+}

semestralka_1/src/software_uart/mod.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+// src/software_uart/mod.rs
+
+pub mod suart;
+pub use suart::*;

semestralka_1/src/software_uart/suart.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+// src/software_uart/suart.rs
+
+use embassy_stm32::peripherals::{PA2, PA3};
+use embassy_stm32::gpio::{Input, Output, Pull, Speed, Level};
+use embassy_stm32::Peripherals;
+use embassy_time::Timer;
+
+pub async fn suart_test(mut tx_pin: PA2, rx_pin: PA3) {
+    let mut tx = Output::new(tx_pin.into(), Level::Low, Speed::Low);
+    let _rx = Input::new(rx_pin.into(), Pull::Up);
+
+    loop {
+        tx.set_high();
+        Timer::after_millis(500).await;
+
+        tx.set_low();
+        Timer::after_millis(500).await;
+    }
+}

semestralka_1/tests/integration.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+#![no_std]
+#![no_main]
+
+// See https://crates.io/crates/defmt-test/0.3.0 for more documentation (e.g. about the 'state'
+// feature)
+#[defmt_test::tests]
+mod tests {
+    use defmt::assert;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn it_works() {
+        assert!(true)
+    }
+}

stm32u5-blinky/.cargo/config.toml

@@ -1,27 +0,0 @@
-[target.'cfg(all(target_arch = "arm", target_os = "none"))']
-# TODO(2) replace `$CHIP` with your chip's name (see `probe-rs chip list` output)
-runner = ["probe-rs", "run", "--chip", "$CHIP", "--log-format=oneline"]
-# If you have an nRF52, you might also want to add "--allow-erase-all" to the list
-
-rustflags = [
-  "-C", "linker=flip-link",
-  "-C", "link-arg=-Tlink.x",
-  "-C", "link-arg=-Tdefmt.x",
-  # This is needed if your flash or ram addresses are not aligned to 0x10000 in memory.x
-  # See https://github.com/rust-embedded/cortex-m-quickstart/pull/95
-  "-C", "link-arg=--nmagic",
-]
-
-[build]
-# TODO(3) Adjust the compilation target.
-# Select the correct target for your processor:
-# target = "thumbv6m-none-eabi"    # Cortex-M0 and Cortex-M0+
-# target = "thumbv7m-none-eabi"    # Cortex-M3
-# target = "thumbv7em-none-eabi"   # Cortex-M4 and Cortex-M7 (no FPU)
-target = "thumbv7em-none-eabihf" # Cortex-M4F and Cortex-M7F (with FPU)
-
-[alias]
-# `cargo rb foo` will expand to `cargo run --bin foo`
-rb = "run --bin"
-# `cargo rrb foo` will expand to `cargo run --release --bin foo`
-rrb = "run --release --bin"

stm32u5-blinky/.gitignore

@@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
-/target
-Cargo.lock

stm32u5-blinky/.vscode/settings.json

@@ -1,9 +0,0 @@
-{
-    // override the default setting (`cargo check --all-targets`) which produces the following error
-    // "can't find crate for `test`" when the default compilation target is a no_std target
-    // with these changes RA will call `cargo check --bins` on save
-    "rust-analyzer.check.allTargets": false,
-    "rust-analyzer.check.extraArgs": [
-        "--bins"
-    ]
-}

stm32u5-blinky/Cargo.toml

@@ -1,85 +0,0 @@
-[package]
-# TODO(1) fix `authors` and `name` if you didn't use `cargo-generate`
-authors = ["Priec <filippriec@gmail.com>"]
-name = "stm32u5-blinky"
-edition = "2024"
-version = "0.1.0"
-
-
-# To run all the tests via `cargo test` the tests need to be explicitly disabled for the binary targets
-# If you use a standard main.rs file the following is sufficient:
-# [[bin]]
-# name = "stm32u5-blinky"
-# test = false
-
-[[bin]]
-name = "bitfield"
-path = "src/bin/bitfield.rs"
-test = false
-
-[[bin]]
-name = "format"
-path = "src/bin/format.rs"
-test = false
-
-[[bin]]
-name = "hello"
-path = "src/bin/hello.rs"
-test = false
-
-[[bin]]
-name = "levels"
-path = "src/bin/levels.rs"
-test = false
-
-[[bin]]
-name = "overflow"
-path = "src/bin/overflow.rs"
-test = false
-
-[[bin]]
-name = "panic"
-path = "src/bin/panic.rs"
-test = false
-
-[lib]
-harness = false
-
-# needed for each integration test
-[[test]]
-name = "integration"
-harness = false
-
-[dependencies]
-cortex-m = { version = "0.7", features = ["critical-section-single-core"] }
-cortex-m-rt = "0.7"
-defmt = "1.0"
-defmt-rtt = "1.0"
-panic-probe = { version = "1.0", features = ["print-defmt"] }
-semihosting = "0.1.20"
-# TODO(4) enter your HAL here
-# some-hal = "1.2.3"
-
-[dev-dependencies]
-defmt-test = "0.3"
-
-# cargo build/run
-[profile.dev]
-# default is opt-level = '0', but that makes very
-# verbose machine code
-opt-level = 's'
-# trade compile speed for slightly better optimisations
-codegen-units = 1
-
-# cargo build/run --release
-[profile.release]
-# default is opt-level = '3', but that makes quite
-# verbose machine code
-opt-level = 's'
-# trade compile speed for slightly better optimisations
-codegen-units = 1
-# Use Link Time Optimisations to further inline things across
-# crates
-lto = 'fat'
-# Leave the debug symbols in (default is no debug info)
-debug = 2

stm32u5-blinky/memory.x

@@ -1,13 +0,0 @@
-/* memory.x - STM32U575ZITxQ memory layout */
-
-/* Flash: 2 MB starting at 0x08000000 */
-/* SRAM1 + SRAM2 + SRAM3 total 786 KB starting at 0x20000000 */
-
-MEMORY
-{
-  FLASH (rx)  : ORIGIN = 0x08000000, LENGTH = 2048K
-  RAM   (xrw) : ORIGIN = 0x20000000, LENGTH = 786K
-}
-
-/* provide stack start symbol (end of RAM) */
-_stack_start = ORIGIN(RAM) + LENGTH(RAM);

stm32u5-blinky/src/bin/bitfield.rs

@@ -1,13 +0,0 @@
-#![no_main]
-#![no_std]
-
-use stm32u5_blinky as _; // global logger + panicking-behavior + memory layout
-
-#[cortex_m_rt::entry]
-fn main() -> ! {
-    // value of the FREQUENCY register (nRF52840 device; RADIO peripheral)
-    let frequency: u32 = 276;
-    defmt::println!("FREQUENCY: {0=0..7}, MAP: {0=8..9}", frequency);
-
-    stm32u5_blinky::exit()
-}

stm32u5-blinky/src/bin/format.rs

@@ -1,29 +0,0 @@
-#![no_main]
-#![no_std]
-
-use stm32u5_blinky as _; // global logger + panicking-behavior + memory layout
-use defmt::Format; // <- derive attribute
-
-#[derive(Format)]
-struct S1<T> {
-    x: u8,
-    y: T,
-}
-
-#[derive(Format)]
-struct S2 {
-    z: u8,
-}
-
-#[cortex_m_rt::entry]
-fn main() -> ! {
-    let s = S1 {
-        x: 42,
-        y: S2 { z: 43 },
-    };
-    defmt::println!("s={:?}", s);
-    let x = 42;
-    defmt::println!("x={=u8}", x);
-
-    stm32u5_blinky::exit()
-}

stm32u5-blinky/src/bin/hello.rs

@@ -1,11 +0,0 @@
-#![no_main]
-#![no_std]
-
-use stm32u5_blinky as _; // global logger + panicking-behavior + memory layout
-
-#[cortex_m_rt::entry]
-fn main() -> ! {
-    defmt::println!("Hello, world!");
-
-    stm32u5_blinky::exit()
-}

stm32u5-blinky/src/bin/levels.rs

@@ -1,17 +0,0 @@
-#![no_main]
-#![no_std]
-
-use stm32u5_blinky as _; // global logger + panicking-behavior + memory layout
-
-#[cortex_m_rt::entry]
-fn main() -> ! {
-    // try setting the DEFMT_LOG environment variable
-    // e.g. `export DEFMT_LOG=info` or `DEFMT_LOG=trace cargo rb levels`
-    defmt::info!("info");
-    defmt::trace!("trace");
-    defmt::warn!("warn");
-    defmt::debug!("debug");
-    defmt::error!("error");
-
-    stm32u5_blinky::exit()
-}

stm32u5-blinky/src/bin/overflow.rs

@@ -1,28 +0,0 @@
-#![no_main]
-#![no_std]
-
-use stm32u5_blinky as _; // global logger + panicking-behavior + memory layout
-
-#[cortex_m_rt::entry]
-fn main() -> ! {
-    ack(10, 10);
-    stm32u5_blinky::exit()
-}
-
-fn ack(m: u32, n: u32) -> u32 {
-    // waste stack space to trigger a stack overflow
-    let mut buffer = [0u8; 16 * 1024];
-    // estimate of the Stack Pointer register
-    let sp = buffer.as_mut_ptr();
-    defmt::println!("ack(m={=u32}, n={=u32}, SP={:x})", m, n, sp);
-
-    if m == 0 {
-        n + 1
-    } else {
-        if n == 0 {
-            ack(m - 1, 1)
-        } else {
-            ack(m - 1, ack(m, n - 1))
-        }
-    }
-}

stm32u5-blinky/src/bin/panic.rs

@@ -1,11 +0,0 @@
-#![no_main]
-#![no_std]
-
-use stm32u5_blinky as _; // global logger + panicking-behavior + memory layout
-
-#[cortex_m_rt::entry]
-fn main() -> ! {
-    defmt::println!("main");
-
-    defmt::panic!()
-}

stm32u5-blinky/src/lib.rs

@@ -1,46 +0,0 @@
-#![no_main]
-#![no_std]
-
-use defmt_rtt as _; // global logger
-
-// TODO(5) adjust HAL import
-// use some_hal as _; // memory layout
-
-use panic_probe as _;
-
-// same panicking *behavior* as `panic-probe` but doesn't print a panic message
-// this prevents the panic message being printed *twice* when `defmt::panic` is invoked
-#[defmt::panic_handler]
-fn panic() -> ! {
-    cortex_m::asm::udf()
-}
-
-/// Terminates the application and makes a semihosting-capable debug tool exit
-/// with status code 0.
-pub fn exit() -> ! {
-    semihosting::process::exit(0);
-}
-
-/// Hardfault handler.
-///
-/// Terminates the application and makes a semihosting-capable debug tool exit
-/// with an error. This seems better than the default, which is to spin in a
-/// loop.
-#[cortex_m_rt::exception]
-unsafe fn HardFault(_frame: &cortex_m_rt::ExceptionFrame) -> ! {
-    semihosting::process::exit(1);
-}
-
-// defmt-test 0.3.0 has the limitation that this `#[tests]` attribute can only be used
-// once within a crate. the module can be in any file but there can only be at most
-// one `#[tests]` module in this library crate
-#[cfg(test)]
-#[defmt_test::tests]
-mod unit_tests {
-    use defmt::assert;
-
-    #[test]
-    fn it_works() {
-        assert!(true)
-    }
-}

tim2/.cargo/config.toml

@@ -1,27 +0,0 @@
-[target.'cfg(all(target_arch = "arm", target_os = "none"))']
-# TODO(2) replace `$CHIP` with your chip's name (see `probe-rs chip list` output)
-runner = ["probe-rs", "run", "--chip", "$CHIP", "--log-format=oneline"]
-# If you have an nRF52, you might also want to add "--allow-erase-all" to the list
-
-rustflags = [
-  "-C", "linker=flip-link",
-  "-C", "link-arg=-Tlink.x",
-  "-C", "link-arg=-Tdefmt.x",
-  # This is needed if your flash or ram addresses are not aligned to 0x10000 in memory.x
-  # See https://github.com/rust-embedded/cortex-m-quickstart/pull/95
-  "-C", "link-arg=--nmagic",
-]
-
-[build]
-# TODO(3) Adjust the compilation target.
-# Select the correct target for your processor:
-# target = "thumbv6m-none-eabi"    # Cortex-M0 and Cortex-M0+
-# target = "thumbv7m-none-eabi"    # Cortex-M3
-# target = "thumbv7em-none-eabi"   # Cortex-M4 and Cortex-M7 (no FPU)
-target = "thumbv7em-none-eabihf" # Cortex-M4F and Cortex-M7F (with FPU)
-
-[alias]
-# `cargo rb foo` will expand to `cargo run --bin foo`
-rb = "run --bin"
-# `cargo rrb foo` will expand to `cargo run --release --bin foo`
-rrb = "run --release --bin"

tim2/.gitignore

@@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
-/target
-Cargo.lock